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With research staff from more than 60 countries, and offices across the globe, IFPRI provides research-based policy solutions to sustainably reduce poverty and end hunger and malnutrition in developing countries.

researcher spotlight

Kalyani Raghunathan

Kalyani Raghunathan is Research Fellow in the Poverty, Gender, and Inclusion Unit, based in New Delhi, India. Her research lies at the intersection of agriculture, gender, social protection, and public health and nutrition, with a specific focus on South Asia and Africa. 

Where we work

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Where we work

IFPRI currently has more than 600 employees working in over 80 countries with a wide range of local, national, and international partners.

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The Earth Planet

Chile

countries and regions

Publications

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Working Paper

From farm to table: Agrifood systems and trade challenges in the Southern Cone

2023Piñeiro, Valeria; Piñeiro, Martín; Bianchi, Eduardo; Elverdin, Pablo; Illescas, Nelson; Papendieck, Sabine; Pascuzzi, Nieves; Rodriguez, Augustín Tejeda
Details

From farm to table: Agrifood systems and trade challenges in the Southern Cone

Food production includes a complex and varied set of agricultural and nonagricultural activities, involving a growing number of sectors and actors that influence the way food is produced, processed, distributed, and consumed. Recently, and especially after the 2021 United Nation Food Systems Summit (UNFSS), it has been proposed that this conglomerate of activities and socioeconomic actors be jointly identified as food systems. National food systems, which exist in each country, are interrelated through trade and other factors with regional food systems and finally with the global food system. The concept of food systems has been adopted as a useful tool for understanding the multiple and complex interrelations between different production, distribution, and trade partners and for adjusting policy analysis and design to this complex world. The discussions and documentation prepared during the UNFSS process brought to public attention not only the utility and complexity of this concept but also some of the shortcomings of current food production practices. The summit also highlighted an urgent need to establish processes for identifying such shortcomings, their relative importance, and possible measures that would lead to the transformation of national food systems and the global food system.

Year published

2023

Authors

Piñeiro, Valeria; Piñeiro, Martín; Bianchi, Eduardo; Elverdin, Pablo; Illescas, Nelson; Papendieck, Sabine; Pascuzzi, Nieves; Rodriguez, Augustín Tejeda

Citation

Piñeiro, Valeria; Piñeiro, Martín; Bianchi, Eduardo; Elverdin, Pablo; Illescas, Nelson; Papendieck, Sabine; Pascuzzi, Nieves; and Rodriguez, Augustín Tejeda. 2023. From farm to table: Agrifood systems and trade challenges in the Southern Cone. LAC Working Paper 30. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). https://doi.org/10.2499/p15738coll2.137016

Country/Region

Argentina; Brazil; Chile; Paraguay; Uruguay

Keywords

Americas; South America; Food Production; Agriculture; Food Systems; Trade; Agrifood Systems

Language

English

Access/Licence

Open Access

Links

https://doi.org/10.2499/p15738coll2.137016 Source record

Project

National Policies and Strategies

Record type

Working Paper

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Journal Article

Ultra-processed food consumption is associated with variations in daily routines in elementary schoolchildren during the COVID-19 pandemic in Chile

2023Fretes, Gabriela; Corvalán, Camila; Economos, Christina D.; Wilson, Norbert L.W.; Cash, Sean B.
Details

Ultra-processed food consumption is associated with variations in daily routines in elementary schoolchildren during the COVID-19 pandemic in Chile

Objective: To assess the association between child ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption and home-school learning environment characteristics during school closures due to the COVID-19 pandemic in schoolchildren with low- and middle-income in Chile. Design: Cross-sectional. UPF consumption was collected using the Nova screener. We apply the structured days hypothesis (SDH) to assess home-school learning environment characteristics with three constructs that summarized school preparedness for online teaching and learning, school closure difficulties for caregivers, and child routine. We explored associations between child UPF consumption and home-school environment characteristics using multivariate linear regression analyses after controlling for child demographic and school characteristics. Setting: Low- and middle-income neighborhoods in southeastern Santiago, Chile. Participants: Children from the Food Environment Chilean Cohort (n 428, 8-10 years old). Results: Based on the Nova score, child mean consumption of UPF was 4.3 (SD 1.9) groups. We found a statistically significant negative association between child routine for eating, play, and study, and child UPF consumption when we adjusted for child sociodemographic (Model 1: -0.19, (95% CI -0.40 – 0.02)) and school characteristics (Model 2: -0.20, (95% CI -0.41 –0.00)). Associations between school preparedness for online teaching or school closure difficulties and UPF were not statistically significant. Conclusions: Variations in child routines during the COVID-19 pandemic were negatively associated with UPF intake in schoolchildren with low- and middle-income. Our findings are consistent with the SDH, suggesting the school environment helps regulate eating behaviors. Future research should evaluate what happens when children return to in-person classes at school.

Year published

2023

Authors

Fretes, Gabriela; Corvalán, Camila; Economos, Christina D.; Wilson, Norbert L.W.; Cash, Sean B.

Citation

Fretes, Gabriela; Corvalán, Camila; Economos, Christina D.; Wilson, Norbert L.W.; and Cash, Sean B. 2023. Ultra-processed food consumption is associated with variations in daily routines in elementary schoolchildren during the COVID-19 pandemic in Chile. Public Health Nutrition 26(10): 1956 – 1967. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980023001593

Country/Region

Chile

Keywords

South America; Child Nutrition; Coronavirus; Coronavirus Disease; Coronavirinae; Covid-19; Diet; Feeding; Food Consumption; Learning; Learning Capacity; Processed Foods; Schools

Language

English

Access/Licence

Open AccessCC-BY-4.0

Links

https://doi.org/10.1017/s1368980023001593 Source record

Project

Sustainable Healthy Diets

Record type

Journal Article

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Book Chapter

Can agricultural exports from Southern Cone countries make up for global supply disruptions arising from the Russia-Ukraine war?

2023Glauber, Joseph W.; Laborde Debucquet, David; Piñeiro, Valeria; Tejeda, Agustín
Details

Can agricultural exports from Southern Cone countries make up for global supply disruptions arising from the Russia-Ukraine war?

The economies of the Southern Cone (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Paraguay, and Uruguay), major agricultural exporters still recovering from the negative impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, have benefited from the rise in international prices accompanying the Russian invasion of Ukraine. With the war disrupting global supplies, the net exporting countries of the region have the opportunity to increase their exports. If these countries, especially Mercosur members, can boost production enough to offset the loss of Ukraine exports, it would go a long way toward stabilizing markets and world food security. However, like the rest of the world, these countries are operating in the difficult current environment of global economic slowdown, rising energy and fertilizer prices, and rising inflation. In this post, we examine responses of Southern Cone countries to the disruptions in agricultural markets caused by the war, and their prospects going forward.

Year published

2023

Authors

Glauber, Joseph W.; Laborde Debucquet, David; Piñeiro, Valeria; Tejeda, Agustín

Citation

Glauber, Joseph W.; Laborde Debucquet, David; Piñeiro, Valeria; and Tejeda, Agustín. 2023. Can agricultural exports from Southern Cone countries make up for global supply disruptions arising from the Russia-Ukraine war? In The Russia-Ukraine Conflict and Global Food Security, eds. Joseph Glauber and David Laborde. Section Four: Country Impacts and Responses: Latin America, Chapter 35, Pp. 181-186. https://doi.org/10.2499/9780896294394_35

Country/Region

Argentina; Brazil; Chile; Paraguay; Uruguay

Keywords

Latin America; South America; Exports; Shock; Policies; War; Coronavirus; Covid-19; Agriculture; Markets; Trade; Coronavirinae; Russia; Food Security; Ukraine; Conflicts; Coronavirus Disease; Prices; Climate Change

Language

English

Access/Licence

Open AccessCC-BY-4.0

Links

https://doi.org/10.2499/9780896294394_35 Source record

Record type

Book Chapter

Datasets

Dataset

ASTI Chile Database

2016Agricultural Science and Technology Indicators
Details

ASTI Chile Database

This dataset includes national-level time series data on researcher capacity by qualification level, age bracket, discipline mix, and commodity, as well as a detailed breakdown of agricultural research investment across government, higher education, nonprofit, and (where possible) private for-profit agricultural research agencies. These data were derived through a series of primary survey rounds conducted by IFPRI’s Agricultural Science and Technology Indicators (ASTI) and in close collaboration with a large network of national collaborators. The ASTI data constitute a powerful resource for national and regional research managers, policymakers, donor organizations, and other stakeholders. ASTI’s key indicators provide both a diagnostic tool for assessing the allocation and use of existing resources and an advocacy tool for increasing resources and improving the efficiency and effectiveness of resource use. The ASTI website offers interactive pages that allow users to access country-level time series data, make cross-country comparisons, create graphs, and download country datasets and publications as well as detailed institutional information on agencies involved in agricultural research. The interactive benchmarking tool on the ASTI website is a convenient map-based instrument allowing users to make cross-country comparisons and rankings based on a wide set of financial and human resource indicators. The detailed ASTI datasets are available in an easy-to-use data download tool. Detailed information on definitions, methodology, and calculation procedures are available at www.asti.cgiar.org

Year published

2016

Authors

Agricultural Science and Technology Indicators

Citation

Agricultural Science and Technology Indicators. 2016. ASTI Chile database. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute. https://www.asti.cgiar.org/chile. Harvard Dataverse. Version 1.

Country/Region

Chile

Keywords

Americas; Latin America and the Caribbean; South America; Agricultural Research

Language

English

Access/Licence

Open AccessCC-BY-NC-3.0

Source

Source record

Project

Policies, Institutions, and Markets

Record type

Dataset

Dataset

Chile, Social Accounting Matrix, 1996

2005International Food Policy Research Institute
Details

Chile, Social Accounting Matrix, 1996

The 1996 SAM for Chile breaks down the economy into two sectors: the productive sector which is classified in 13 different activities (agriculture, wood and paper, fishing, mining (except oil), oil, extraction and refinery, manufactures, electricity, gas and water, construction, commerce, transport and communication, other services) and the institutional sectors: private non-financial sector (households, rest of the private non-financial sector), public sector (government, public non-financial firms), financial institutions (Central Bank, private banks, other financial institutions). The sources for this SAM are official studies published by the Central Bank of Chile, a non-official study, and a non-official study prepared for internal use by the Central Bank of Chile, Ministerio de Planificación y Cooperación (MIDEPLAN) and Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL).

Year published

2005

Authors

International Food Policy Research Institute

Citation

International Food Policy Research Institute. 2005. Chile, Social Accounting Matrix, 1996. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute. http://hdl.handle.net/1902.1/17563. Harvard Dataverse. Version 1.

Country/Region

Chile

Keywords

Americas; Latin America and the Caribbean; South America; Financial Institutions; Production; Economic Systems; Households; Labour; Private Sector; Manufacturing

Language

English

Access/Licence

Open AccessCC-BY-NC-3.0

Source

Source record

Record type

Dataset

Blogs

Improving child and adolescent diets at school: An evaluation of Chile’s Food Labeling and Advertising Law
IFPRI Blog
 | 
June 23, 2023

Improving child and adolescent diets at school: An evaluation of Chile’s Food Labeling and Advertising Law

By Gabriela Fretes

Creating a healthier food environment.

Can agricultural exports from Southern Cone countries make up for global supply disruptions arising from the Russia-Ukraine war?
IFPRI Blog
 | 
November 14, 2022

Can agricultural exports from Southern Cone countries make up for global supply disruptions arising from the Russia-Ukraine war?

By Joseph Glauber, David Laborde, Valeria Piñeiro, and Agustín Tejeda

Shifting tides of international trade.

Policy seminar: The political economy of COVID-19 and impacts on food policies around the world
IFPRI Blog
 | 
November 23, 2020

Policy seminar: The political economy of COVID-19 and impacts on food policies around the world

By Timothy Karoff

The pandemic disrupts country budgets, programs, and planning.

View all Blogs

Events

XVII Biennial IASC Conference
IFPRI at External Event

 | 

July 1 to 5, 2019

XVII Biennial IASC Conference

IFPRI is participating in the XVII Biennial IASC conference, “In Defense of the Commons: Challenges, Innovation, and Action.  The conference will bring together experiences and lessons from around the world to reflect on the multiple ways in which different actors have sought to maintain and defend the commons, as well as the challenges and opportunities faced by […]

News

October 20, 2021 | In the News

Chile is one of the most overstudied countries by economists is due to the fact that it is ranked as one (Yahoo Finance)

Yahoo Finance published an article about Chile and why the country is the most frequently mentioned in the Journal of Economic Development (JDE), one of the top journals on the topic, adjusted for population. Much bigger economies, such as India and Brazil, are considerably less popular, meanwhile. Research Fellow Jessica Leight, a development economist at IFPRI conducted an […]

November 15, 2019 | In the News

Democracy and the commodity cycles (La Nacion)

La Nación (Argentina) published an op-ed by Eugenio Díaz-Bonilla. Díaz-Bonilla suggests that economists take a broader view of the global macroeconomic context, and, in particular, of the cycle of “commodities,” and how these cycles impact unequal and unjust societies such as those in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC).

Projects

Agricultural Transformation and Policy: What are the policy priorities?

Agricultural Transformation and Policy: What are the policy priorities?

Achieving agricultural transformation in a country – the transformation of an agri-food system from a high prevalence of subsistence farming to high productivity, so that……