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Who we are

With research staff from more than 60 countries, and offices across the globe, IFPRI provides research-based policy solutions to sustainably reduce poverty and end hunger and malnutrition in developing countries.

researcher spotlight

Kalyani Raghunathan

Kalyani Raghunathan is Research Fellow in the Poverty, Gender, and Inclusion Unit, based in New Delhi, India. Her research lies at the intersection of agriculture, gender, social protection, and public health and nutrition, with a specific focus on South Asia and Africa. 

Where we work

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Where we work

IFPRI currently has more than 600 employees working in over 80 countries with a wide range of local, national, and international partners.

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Indonesia

countries and regions

Publications

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Journal Article

Emerging outsource agricultural services enable farmer adaptation in agrifood value chains: A product cycle perspective

2024Reardon, Thomas; Awokuse, Titus; Belton, Ben; Liverpool-Tasie, Lenis Saweda O.; Minten, Bart; Nguyen, Genevieve; Qanti, Sara; Swinnen, Johan; Vos, Rob; Zilberman, David
Details

Emerging outsource agricultural services enable farmer adaptation in agrifood value chains: A product cycle perspective

Outsource agricultural service enterprises emerged a century ago in high-income countries and in the past several decades in developing regions. We contribute by analyzing and illustrating the emergence of these services from the perspective of phases of the Product Cycle. These services help farmers adapt to international and domestic agrifood value chains: (1) in the commoditization phase, e.g., with rice combine harvesting services in China and Myanmar for domestic and export markets; (2) in the early product differentiation phase into quality traits, e.g., with horticultural services to Ethiopian and Indonesian farmers for urban wholesale markets; (3) in the advanced product differentiation phase into environmental traits, e.g., with A-Z services to help French farmers grow eco-labeled vegetables for supermarkets. These services addressed farmers’ shortfalls in information, skills, labor, and equipment. The services are supplied by medium/large farmers with excess capacity say of a combine; by wholesalers who want to reduce search costs and risks; by input “agro-dealers”; and by agribusinesses servicing their outgrowers. In new cases shown in France, outsource firms partner with farm input companies such as Bayer or with robot/drone companies. Governments have – and can do much more to – support the emergence of these services such as in developing regions today through: (1) promotion of a business ecosystem, based on policies of investment in hard and soft infrastructure, favoring the coadaptation of these firms with farmers’ needs; (2) policies facilitating access, such as through import liberalization, of equipment and seeds and chemicals.

Year published

2024

Authors

Reardon, Thomas; Awokuse, Titus; Belton, Ben; Liverpool-Tasie, Lenis Saweda O.; Minten, Bart; Nguyen, Genevieve; Qanti, Sara; Swinnen, Johan; Vos, Rob; Zilberman, David

Citation

Reardon, Thomas; Awokuse, Titus; Belton, Ben; Liverpool-Tasie, Lenis Saweda O.; Minten, Bart; Nguyen, Genevieve; et al. 2024. Emerging outsource agricultural services enable farmer adaptation in agrifood value chains: A product cycle perspective. Food Policy 127(August 2024): 102711. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2024.102711

Country/Region

China; Myanmar; Ethiopia; France; Indonesia

Keywords

Asia; Southern Asia; Africa; Eastern Africa; Europe; Eastern Asia; South-eastern Asia; Western Europe; Adaptation; Value Chains; Agrifood Systems; Farmers; Rice; Vegetables

Language

English

Access/Licence

Open AccessCC-BY-4.0

Links

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2024.102711 Source record

Project

Rethinking Food Markets

Record type

Journal Article

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Journal Article

An ex-ante analysis of the impact of biofortified zinc rice on dietary zinc inadequacy: Evidence from Bangladesh, Indonesia, and the Philippines

2024De Moura, Fabiana F.; Moursi, Mourad; Angel, Moira Donahue; Angeles-Agdeppa, Imelda; Muslimatun, Siti; Atmarita, Atmarita; Gironella, Glen M.; Boy, Erick; Carriquiry, Alicia
Details

An ex-ante analysis of the impact of biofortified zinc rice on dietary zinc inadequacy: Evidence from Bangladesh, Indonesia, and the Philippines

Background: South, East, and Southeast Asia are among the regions of the world with the highest estimated prevalence of inadequate zinc intake. Because populations in those regions eat rice as their main staple, zinc biofortification of rice can potentially improve zinc intake, especially among the most vulnerable. Objectives: We modeled the impact of the consumption of zinc-biofortified rice on zinc intake and inadequacy among women of childbearing age and young children nationally in Indonesia, the Philippines, and at a subnational level in Bangladesh. Methods: We conducted an ex-ante analysis by applying increments of zinc content in rice, from a baseline level of 16 parts per million (ppm) to 100 ppm, and based on rice consumption data to substitute levels of conventional rice with zinc-biofortified rice varying between 10% and 70%. Results: Among all datasets evaluated from these 3 countries, the prevalence of dietary zinc inadequacy at baseline was 94%–99% among women of childbearing age, 77%–100% among children 4–5 y old, and 27%–78% among children 1–3 y old. At the current breeding target of 28 ppm, zinc-biofortified rice has the potential to decrease zinc inadequacy by ≤50% among women and children in rural Bangladesh and among children in the Philippines where consumption of rice is higher compared with Indonesia. Conclusions: Our analysis shows that increasing zinc content in rice ≤45 ppm reduces the burden of zinc inadequacy substantially, after which we encourage programs to increase coverage to reach the highest number of beneficiaries.

Year published

2024

Authors

De Moura, Fabiana F.; Moursi, Mourad; Angel, Moira Donahue; Angeles-Agdeppa, Imelda; Muslimatun, Siti; Atmarita, Atmarita; Gironella, Glen M.; Boy, Erick; Carriquiry, Alicia

Citation

De Moura, Fabiana F.; Moursi, Mourad; Angel, Moira Donahue; Angeles-Agdeppa, Imelda; Muslimatun, Siti; et al. 2024. An ex-ante analysis of the impact of biofortified zinc rice on dietary zinc inadequacy: Evidence from Bangladesh, Indonesia, and the Philippines. Journal of Nutrition 154(8): 2575-2582. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.06.010

Country/Region

Bangladesh; Indonesia; Philippines

Keywords

Asia; South-eastern Asia; Oceania; Biofortification; Ex Ante Impact Assessment; Nutrient Intake; Rice; Zinc

Language

English

Access/Licence

Open AccessCC-BY-4.0

Links

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.06.010 Source record

Record type

Journal Article

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Working Paper

Addressing food system transformation, food security, and deforestation in Indonesia: Challenges and opportunities

2024Laborde Debucquet, David; Olivetti, Elsa B.; Piñeiro, Valeria; Illescas, Nelson
Details

Addressing food system transformation, food security, and deforestation in Indonesia: Challenges and opportunities

This study identifies food system interventions with high transformational potential for Indonesia by utilizing the MIRAGRODEP a multi-region, multisector computable general equilibrium model to analyze policy scenarios. Our findings reveal a range of economic, social, and environmental impacts. Initiatives such as social safety nets and food stamps can enhance affordability, while repurposing farm subsidies can improve socio-economic sustainability. Comprehensive policy packages that include social safety nets, repurposing agricultural supports, environmental regulation and investment in sustainable production, can lead to substantial GDP growth, poverty reduction, and dietary enhancements. However, each intervention presents distinct trade-offs between economic gains and environmental implications. This analysis underscores the need for a holistic policy approach when trying to achieve multiple sustainability goals. Implementing a blend of policies designed to promote environmental, social, and economic sustainability simultaneously could drive Indonesia towards a sustainable and resilient food system, addressing the complex interplay between economic development, environmental conservation, and improved nutrition.

Year published

2024

Authors

Laborde Debucquet, David; Olivetti, Elsa B.; Piñeiro, Valeria; Illescas, Nelson

Citation

Laborde, David; Olivetti, Elsa; Piñeiro, Valeria; and Illescas, Nelson. 2024. Addressing food system transformation, food security, and deforestation in Indonesia: Challenges and opportunities. IFPRI Discussion Paper 2265. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute. https://doi.org/10.4060/cd1411en

Country/Region

Indonesia

Keywords

South-eastern Asia; Asia; Food Systems; Computable General Equilibrium Models; Policies; Social Safety Nets; Sustainable Development; Agriculture; Economic Development; Nutrition; Poverty

Language

English

Access/Licence

Open AccessCC-BY-NC-SA-3.0-IGO

Links

https://doi.org/10.4060/cd1411en Source record

Record type

Working Paper

Datasets

Dataset

2018 Social Accounting Matrix for Indonesia

2021International Food Policy Research Institute
Details

2018 Social Accounting Matrix for Indonesia

The Nexus Project is a collaboration between IFPRI and its partners, including national statistical agencies and research institutions. Our aim is to improve the quality of social accounting matrices (SAMs) used for computable general equilibrium (CGE) modeling. The Nexus Project develops toolkits and establishes common data standards, procedures, and classification systems for constructing and updating national SAMs. The 2018 Indonesia SAM follows the Standard Nexus Structure. The open access version of the Indonesia SAM separates domestic production into 42 activities. Factors are disaggregated into labor, agricultural land, and capital. Labor is further disaggregated across three education categories. Representative households are disaggregated by rural and urban areas and by per capita expenditure quintile. The remaining accounts include enterprises, government, taxes, savings-and-investment, and the rest of the word.

Year published

2021

Authors

International Food Policy Research Institute

Citation

International Food Policy Research Institute. 2021. 2018 Social Accounting Matrix for Indonesia. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute. https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/CULKTR. Harvard Dataverse. Version 1.

Country/Region

Indonesia

Keywords

Asia; South-eastern Asia; National Accounting; Taxes; Household Expenditure; Modelling; Labour; Social Accounting Matrix; Economic Indicators; Sex-disaggregated Data; Household Consumption

Language

English

Access/Licence

Open AccessCC-BY-4.0

Links

https://doi.org/10.7910/dvn/culktr Source record

Project

Policies, Institutions, and Markets

Record type

Dataset

Dataset

A 1995 Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) for Indonesia

2003International Food Policy Research Institute
Details

A 1995 Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) for Indonesia

The 1995 SAM for Indonesia is a 57×57 matrix with accounts for 17 sectors (separate activities and commodities), 6 factors, 7 households, 1 enterprise, the government, the rest-of-the-world, 2 tax types, and aggregate institutional savings-investments. The SAM is an aggregation of a 22 sector SAM produced by the Indonesia statistical authority with a revised treatment of trade and transportation costs (disaggregation across imports, exports and domestic sales on the basis of value shares). For a description of the construction and use of this SAM, download the Trade and Macroeconomics Division Discussion Paper Number 42: (PDF 149K)

Year published

2003

Authors

International Food Policy Research Institute

Citation

International Food Policy Research Institute. 2003. A 1995 Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) for Indonesia. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute. http://hdl.handle.net/1902.1/17749. Harvard Dataverse. Version 1.

Country/Region

Indonesia

Keywords

Asia; South-eastern Asia; Social Analysis; Statistics

Language

English

Access/Licence

Open AccessCC-BY-NC-3.0

Source

Source record

Record type

Dataset

Blogs

Potential impact of zinc-enriched rice on zinc intakes in Bangladesh, Indonesia, and the Philippines
IFPRI Blog
 | 
September 20, 2024

Potential impact of zinc-enriched rice on zinc intakes in Bangladesh, Indonesia, and the Philippines

By Fabiana F. De Moura, Mourad Moursi, Moira Donahue Angel, and Erick Boy

Nutritional benefits of enhanced biofortification.

Reviving public extension for climate-resilient agriculture: Lessons and insights from India, Indonesia, and Nepal
IFPRI Blog
 | 
June 13, 2024

Reviving public extension for climate-resilient agriculture: Lessons and insights from India, Indonesia, and Nepal

By Suresh Babu, Yogendra Kumar Karki, Aniq Fadhillah, and Nandita Srivastava

Integrating reforms with global goals.

Food export restrictions have eased as the Russia-Ukraine war continues, but concerns remain for key commodities
IFPRI Blog
 | 
January 23, 2023

Food export restrictions have eased as the Russia-Ukraine war continues, but concerns remain for key commodities

By Joseph Glauber, David Laborde, and Abdullah Mamun

Uncertainties include lingering high domestic food prices in many countries.

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Events

What Can the G-20 Meeting Do for the Recovery of Global Food Security?
Series/Special Event

 | 

September 9, 2022, 9:00 – 10:30 am

What Can the G-20 Meeting Do for the Recovery of Global Food Security?

Virtual Event: September 9, 2022 – 9:00 AM to 10:30 AM EDT. The USINDO and IFPRI, are partnering to present a Special Open Forum on “What Can the G-20 Meeting Do to Enhance Global Food Security?”

Meetings of Agricultural Chief Scientists of G20 States (MACS-G20)
IFPRI at External Event

 | 

February 18 to 19, 2020

Meetings of Agricultural Chief Scientists of G20 States (MACS-G20)

IFPRI is participating in the annual “Meetings of Agricultural Chief Scientists of G20 States (MACS-G20)”, which have taken place since 2012, based on an initiative of the agricultural ministers of the G20 States to address central questions in fields of agriculture and nutrition which are too great to be solved with only national efforts, to better coordinate agricultural […]

Rural Development and Food Security Forum 2019
IFPRI at External Event

 | 

October 28 to 30, 2019

Rural Development and Food Security Forum 2019

IFPRI is participating in the Rural Development and Food Security Forum 2019. Although 1.1 billion people have moved out from extreme poverty since 1990, poverty incidence remains high in the rural areas of most countries in the Asia and Pacific region. There is still widespread unemployment; limited access to education, healthcare, and financial services, particularly for […]

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News

July 19, 2023 | In the News

Indonesia’s cassava push leaves bitter taste in Borneo rainforest (Context/Reuters) 

Although Indonesia has enough food to feed its people, it lacks variety beyond rice and tastes are changing as the country becomes wealthier, writes Context (by Thompson Reuters Foundation) in a piece on agricultural production of cassava in light of environmental needs and climate change.  About half the world’s population depends on rice as a […]

December 22, 2022 | In the News

Mother’s Day Opinion: Family economy, food prices and happy mothers (PKS) 

On Mother’s Day (December 22) in Indonesia, PKS (Indonesia) op-ed writes, mothers are stuttering in carrying out their duties due to crushing economic demands.   The sharp spike in food prices affected people’s purchasing power, which means it also affected people’s consumption. At the beginning of September 2022, things became direr with the rise of fuel […]

August 17, 2022 | In the News

Indef: Supports substitution of the wheat food industry from local raw materials (Monitor) 

Monitor published an article stating that the Indonesian government wants to strengthen local food substitution as a pillar of the strength of the Indonesian nation. According to IFPRI, throughout June 2022, several countries such as Russia, India, Serbia, Egypt, Afghanistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Kosovo implemented export restriction policies (see IFPRI tool, Food & Fertilizer Export […]

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Projects

Fresh Food Price Analysis in Papua New Guinea

Fresh Food Price Analysis in Papua New Guinea

…

Stories of Change in Nutrition

Stories of Change in Nutrition

…

Inclusive Agricultural Value Chain Financing (IFS4Ag)

Inclusive Agricultural Value Chain Financing (IFS4Ag)

Smallholder farmers in developing countries face substantial constraints that limit their ability to reach their production potential. One such constraint is credit; Smallholders and other……

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