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Khalid Siddig

Khalid Siddig is a Senior Research Fellow in the Development Strategies and Governance Unit and Program Leader for the Sudan Strategy Support Program. He is an agricultural economist with a focus on examining the impacts of potential shocks and the allocation of resources on economic growth, environmental sustainability, and income distribution through the lens of economywide and micro-level tools. 

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IFPRI currently has more than 600 employees working in over 80 countries with a wide range of local, national, and international partners.

IFPRI Insights: July 2024

July 31, 2024 
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World Breastfeeding Week, led by the World Health Organization (WHO) each year during the first week of August, aims to promote the enabling environments that help women to breastfeed, and we at IFPRI are excited to support this important cause.

This year’s theme, “Closing the gap: Breastfeeding support for all,” emphasizes the importance of multilevel support, including policies and attitudes that value women and breastfeeding.

IFPRI’s research on maternal and child nutrition has a strong focus on breastfeeding, ranging from examining what policies are necessary to enable optimal breastfeeding environments to assessing behavior change communication interventions aimed at improving maternal nutrition and breastfeeding practices. Read some of our recent publications on this important topic, and happy World Breastfeeding Week! 

Breastfeeding: crucially important, but increasingly challenged in a market-driven world (The Lancet)

Intensified nutrition interventions in antenatal care services increased consumption of iron and folic acid supplements and early breastfeeding practices in Burkina Faso: Results of a cluster-randomized program evaluation (Journal of Nutrition)

“Stronger with Breastmilk Only” initiative in 5 African countries: Case study on the implementation process and contribution to the enabling environment for breastfeeding (Current Developments in Nutrition)

Multiple modifiable maternal, household and health service factors are associated with maternal nutrition and early breastfeeding practices in Burkina Faso (Maternal and Child Nutrition)

Storytelling for persuasion: Insights from community health workers on how they engage family members to improve adoption of recommended maternal nutrition and breastfeeding behaviours in rural Bangladesh (Maternal and Child Nutrition)

Potential effectiveness of integrating human milk banking and lactation support on neonatal outcomes at Pumwani Maternity Hospital, Kenya (Maternal and Child Nutrition) (Read the blog)
 
Breastfeeding is strongly connected to parental knowledge and caregiving, as informed parents are more likely to adopt and sustain breastfeeding, as well as other useful nutrition practices, recognizing their health benefits for their child. Building on our focus on breastfeeding this month, below we highlight several new studies on caregiving and parental knowledge, as well as on child and maternal nutrition in general. 

A qualitative study of maternal and paternal parenting knowledge and practices in rural Mozambique: This study co-authored by Lilia Bliznashka explored the caregiving practices and sources of parenting knowledge in rural Mozambique. Key sources of parenting guidance included the caregivers’ own parents and health providers, underscoring the need for holistic approaches to enhance early child development in similar contexts. (Read article in BMC Public Health)
 
Understanding modifiable caregiver factors contributing to child development among young children in rural Malawi: Lilia Bliznashka, Agnes Quisumbing, Aulo Gelli, and co-authors examined modifiable caregiver factors influencing child development in Malawi. The study found that caregiver dietary diversity was directly associated with higher child development scores and that higher empowerment was indirectly associated with improved child development through enhancement of caregiver dietary diversity. (Read article in Maternal & Child Nutrition)

An ex-ante analysis of the impact of biofortified zinc rice on dietary zinc inadequacy: Evidence from Bangladesh, Indonesia, and the Philippines: Fabiana De Moura, Mourad Moursi, Moira Donahue Angel, Erick Boy, and co-authors modeled the impact of the consumption of zinc-biofortified rice on zinc intake and inadequacy among women of childbearing age and young children. The study found that increasing zinc content in rice ≤45 ppm substantially reduces the burden of zinc inadequacy. (Read article in Journal of Nutrition)

Treatment of moderate acute malnutrition through community health volunteers is a cost-effective intervention: Evidence from a resource-limited setting: Study co-authored by Taddese Alemu Zerfu finds that integrating treatment of moderate acute malnutrition (MAM) into community case management through community health volunteers is more cost-effective than health facility–based treatment alone. The authors believe that greater health and economic gains could be realized if more children with MAM are enrolled and treated using this approach. 
(Read article in Maternal & Child Nutrition)
Global food systems continued to face the impact of conflicts, natural disasters, and record-shattering temperatures that contributed to persistent high food prices in 2023, highlighting the urgency of building greater resilience.

Throughout 2023, IFPRI provided timely policy-relevant data and analysis on the global food price crisis and other challenges. Read our 2023 Annual Report.

After a year, India’s rice export restrictions continue to fuel high prices

In July 2023, the Indian government announced export restrictions on non-basmati white rice. Coming after earlier export limits on other types of rice, the action was taken in part due to a strengthening El Niño that threatened to limit rice production and fuel rising food inflation—a potential political liability for the Modi government as it faced upcoming general elections in spring 2024.

The measure affecting a key export crop immediately disrupted global rice markets, with the benchmark Thai white rice price increasing more than 20 percent by early August 2023. Rice prices have remained at those levels since then. 

Joseph Glauber and Abdullah Mamun review the impact of India’s rice restrictions over the past year on global regional markets and discuss implications for the future. 

Behavioral explanations for the sell-low-buy-high puzzle in smallholder market participation: Lessons from a field experiment in Malawi
By Joachim De Weerdt, Brian Dillon, Emmanuel Hami, Bjorn Van Campenhout, and Leocardia Nabwire
Our study tested two behavioral interventions—budgeting and sales planning—to understand and mitigate this paradox.
 
Revisiting development strategies under climate uncertainty: Insights from Malawi
By Askar Mukashov and Eleanor Jones
Does the threat of climate change significantly undermine strategies focusing on agriculture?
 
Urgent need to strengthen local governance for improved urban agrifood systems
By Danielle Resnick
Insights from the new report by the UN High-Level Panel of Experts (HLPE) on Food Security and Nutrition.
 
Evaluating impacts: Lessons from food systems interventions across Africa and Asia
By Jef L. Leroy, Lynnette Neufeld, Stella Nordhagen, and Sydney Honeycutt
Transforming food systems is promising but complex, requiring strong evidence and rigorous evaluations to ensure effective interventions.
 
Groundwater conservation and food security: Navigating pathways to sustainable agriculture
By Vartika Singh and Claudia Ringler
Tradeoffs must be carefully managed.
 
Workshop: Applying the Women’s Empowerment in Agrifood Governance (WEAGov) tool to support gender-responsive policy innovation across Africa
By Jordan Kyle, Catherine Ragasa, Susan Kaaria, Margaret Mangheni, Dorine Odongo, and Anne Omamo
Collaborating to make food systems more inclusive.
 
Enhancing farm productivity and rural livelihoods through ICT interventions in Malawi
By Catherine Ragasa, Ning Ma, and Emmanuel Hami
New opportunities as mobile phone use grows in farming areas.
 
Opportunities and challenges for coffee production in Papua New Guinea’s highlands
By Rishabh Mukerjee, Helmtrude Sikas-Iha, and Damaris Warambukia
Survey insights on production, pests, and marketing.
Informal cross-border trade is a global phenomenon that is most common in developing countries. In Bangladesh, India, and Nepal, this trade is integral to the local economies and has broader economic and development impacts.

As part of their work related to informal trade under the Regional Trade and Agricultural Transformation in the Bay of Bengal Countries and Cereal Systems Initiative for South Asia (CSISA), IFPRI researchers examine the intricacies of informal agrifood trade, including questions about how formal and informal trade coexist, how informal trade is organized, and how quality and prices are managed. 
 
Learn more in our new interactive story.
Southern African drought: Extreme hardship, hopefully only in the short term Inter Press Service quoted Joe Glauber in this article on El Nino in Southern Africa. “This year’s El Nino–related production shortfalls are partially offset by larger carrying stocks following large maize crops in 2022 and 2023. Poor crops have already resulted in increased imports in countries like Zimbabwe,” Glauber said. (Also republished in Global Issues)

Changing monsoon altering crop cycles The Hindustan Times quoted Avinash Kishore in this article on how poor rains are affecting rice planting in India. “Late monsoon is the new norm in Bihar,” he said. “As of July 12, total rainfall is less than 80% of the normal in 14 districts. Late monsoon delays paddy transplantation which may lead to late sowing of wheat. Rice-wheat yields and farmers’ profit take a hit.”

Sudan is now confronting its most severe food security crisis on record The Conversation Africa shared a recent IFPRI blog post by Rob Vos and Khalid Siddig on the latest Integrated Food Security Phase Classification (IPC) report on food insecurity and conflict in Sudan. The blog examines the IPC report and recommendations for immediate action. (Also republished in Future Media News)

Dearth of agri-food research on climate-hit countries SciDev.Net published an article on a recent report co-authored by researchers from the UN’s Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), the Inter-American Institute for Cooperation on Agriculture (IICA), and IFPRI, including Valeria Piñeiro. The report found that levels of scientific research targeting the poorest, most climate-vulnerable countries are “extremely low.”

Energy price fluctuations and implications for Bangladesh The Financial Express published an article by Abdul Zabbar Sakil on Bangladesh’s energy landscape and how energy price fluctuations affect the macroeconomy. The article also discussed the benefits of a shift toward renewable energy.
 32nd International Conference of Agricultural Economists
August 2–7, 2024 (New Delhi, India)

 South Asia Launch | Nepal | 2024 Global Food Policy Report: Food Systems for Healthy Diets and Nutrition
August 8–9, 2024, 10:00–5:00 pm (Asia/Kathmandu) / 12:15–7:15 am (US/Eastern)

 How should governments respond to crises? Rapid response using RIAPA modeling system
Webinar | August 13, 2024, 9:30–10:30 am (US/Eastern)

 Africa Agriculture Trade Monitor: Launch of the 7th edition – AATM 2024
August 29, 2024, 8:30 – 10:35 am (US/Eastern)

 Africa Food Systems Forum 2024 Summit
September 2–6, 2024, 8:00–5:00 pm (Africa/Nairobi) / 1:00–10:00 am (US/Eastern)

Please check our Events page for most recent updates.
Global Food Policy Report: Food Systems for Healthy Diets and Nutrition

In July, we held 4 regional events presenting the 2024 Global Food Policy Report (GFPR) in India, the MENA region, Nigeria, and Southeast Asia
How does agricultural productivity growth affect agrifood system transformation goals? Exploring trade-offs using IMPACT
July 9, 2024
Co-organized by IFPRI and the CGIAR Initiative on Foresight

Tracking Global and National Agricultural Transformation
July 25, 2024
Co-organized by IFPRI, Agrilinks, and United States Agency for International Development (USAID)

Building pathways out of poverty: Midline findings from a randomized controlled trial
July 31, 2024
Organized by IFPRI and the CGIAR Initiative on Fragility, Conflict, and Migration (FCM)

Please check our Events page for most recent updates.
Administrative Coordinator
Washington, DC

Senior Research Fellow I/II
Washington, DC

Staff Accountant II
Washington, DC
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