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With research staff from more than 60 countries, and offices across the globe, IFPRI provides research-based policy solutions to sustainably reduce poverty and end hunger and malnutrition in developing countries.

researcher spotlight

Carlo Azzarri

Carlo Azzarri is a Senior Research Fellow in the Innovation Policy and Scaling Unit. His work focuses on the relationships among poverty, nutrition, food security, agriculture, the environment, production, and migration—analyzed at both micro and macroeconomic levels, primarily using quantitative methods.

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Since 1975, IFPRI’s research has been informing policies and development programs to improve food security, nutrition, and livelihoods around the world.

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IFPRI currently has more than 600 employees working in over 80 countries with a wide range of local, national, and international partners.

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Social Impact (SI), a consulting firm, is dedicated to improving global development activities by providing such services as consulting, technical assistance, and training services. Social Impact works across several sectors to reduce poverty, improve health and education, promote peace and democratic governance, foster economic growth, and protect the environment. Their mission is to help global development organizations and programs be more effective at improving people’s lives.

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Publications

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Report

Reforming agricultural support policy for transforming agrifood systems: China and Global Food Policy Report 2022

2022China Agricultural University; Zhejiang University; Nanjing Agricultural University; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; International Food Policy Research Institute
Details

Reforming agricultural support policy for transforming agrifood systems: China and Global Food Policy Report 2022

Remarkable achievements in global food security have been made in the past several decades. Food production has grown significantly and outpaced the population growth. Household food consumption has increased, and undernourishment has declined dramatically. However, due to multiple risks and threats such as climate change, COVID-19, environmental degradation, trade frictions, and regional conflicts, global food security and nutrition face unprecedented challenges. In fact, the number of hungry people in the world has been increasing since 2015, with more than 800 million people now suffering from hunger. After decades of development, China has ended hunger. In the new development stage, the Chinese government has proposed even higher development goals; these include Healthy China 2030, Rural Revitalization, Ecological Civilization, Common Prosperity and Carbon Neutrality.

Year published

2022

Authors

China Agricultural University; Zhejiang University; Nanjing Agricultural University; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; International Food Policy Research Institute

Citation

AGFEP, CARD, CIFAE, IAED and IFPRI. 2022. Reforming agricultural support policy for transforming agrifood systems: China and Global Food Policy Report 2022. Beijing, China: China Agricultural University. http://agfep.cau.edu.cn/module/download/downfile.jsp?classid=0&filename=6dbb930c64de42458dc72edba23fbcdf.pdf

Country/Region

China

Keywords

Asia; Eastern Asia; Food Security; Food Production; Population; Household Consumption; Climate Change; Coronavirinae; Covid-19; Environmental Degradation; Trade; Conflicts; Nutrition; Hunger; Agrifood Systems; Environment; Sustainability; Extreme Weather Events; Smallholders; Markets; Chronic Course; Weather Hazards; Chronic Diseases; Undernutrition; Service Industries; Carbon Emissions

Language

English

Access/Licence

Open Access

Source

Source record

Project

Low-Emission Food Systems

Record type

Report

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Journal Article

Cost-effectiveness of community-based gendered advisory services to farmers: Analysis in Mozambique and Tanzania

2019Mogues, Tewodaj; Mueller, Valerie; Kondylis, Florence
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Cost-effectiveness of community-based gendered advisory services to farmers: Analysis in Mozambique and Tanzania

Rigorous impact evaluations on agricultural interventions in the developing world have proliferated in research of recent years. Whereas increased care in causal identification in such analyses is beneficial and has improved the quality of research in this field, much of the literature still fails to investigate the costs needed to achieve any benefits identified. Such understanding, however, would be crucial for drawing policy and programmatic conclusions from the research and for informing the allocation of public investments. Cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) subjects both the cost side and the effects side of agricultural and rural interventions to technical scrutiny and unifies both sides in order to compare the relative cost-effectiveness of different modalities of a programme, of efforts to reach different target groups, or of efforts to achieve different outcomes. CEAs, while present in the health and education sectors, remain rare in agricultural and rural development research. This study contributes to filling the knowledge gap by conducting CEAs in a particular type of programmatic work in the agricultural sector—namely, interventions conducted as field experiments that bring a gender lens to community-based advisory services in African rural areas. Specifically, we consider two such programmes—one in Mozambique in which such advisory services aim to improve sustainable land management (SLM) practices in agricultural production, and the other in Tanzania to advise farmers on their land rights. Using CEA methods combined with econometric analysis based on randomised controlled trials, we find that the gendered modality is consistently more cost-effective than the basic modality when considering varied outcomes and target groups. However, for any given modality, it is more cost-effective to improve outcomes for men than for women. The structure of costs in the agricultural extension programme further allowed for a simulation of how cost-effectiveness would change if the programme were scaled up geographically. The results show that expansion of the basic modality of the SLM programme leads to improvements in cost-effectiveness, while the gendered modality displays nonlinear changes in cost-effectiveness along the expansion path, first worsening with initial scale-up and subsequently improving with further expansion.

Year published

2019

Authors

Mogues, Tewodaj; Mueller, Valerie; Kondylis, Florence

Citation

Mogues, Tewodaj; Mueller, Valerie; and Kondylis, Florence. 2019. Cost-effectiveness of community-based gendered advisory services to farmers: Analysis in Mozambique and Tanzania. PLoS ONE 14(3): e0211448. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0211448

Country/Region

Mozambique

Keywords

Tanzania; Eastern Africa; Africa; Sub-saharan Africa; Southern Africa; Advisory Services; Gender; Sustainable Land Management; Agricultural Extension; Equipment; Agricultural Policies; Agriculture; Planting; Cost Analysis; Sustainable Agriculture; Agricultural Workers; Impact Assessment

Language

English

Access/Licence

Open AccessCC-BY-4.0

Links

https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0211448 Source record

Project

Policies, Institutions, and Markets

Record type

Journal Article

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