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With research staff from more than 60 countries, and offices across the globe, IFPRI provides research-based policy solutions to sustainably reduce poverty and end hunger and malnutrition in developing countries.

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researcher spotlight

Samuel Benin

Samuel Benin is the Acting Director for Africa in the Development Strategies and Governance Unit. He conducts research on national strategies and public investment for accelerating food systems transformation in Africa and provides analytical support to the African Union’s CAADP Biennial Review.

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IFPRI currently has more than 600 employees working in over 80 countries with a wide range of local, national, and international partners.

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experts

Development Strategies and Governance

Kwaw Andam

Country Program Leader / Senior Research Fellow

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Bio

Kwaw Andam is the Country Program Leader of the Nigeria Strategy Support Program in Abuja. He is also a Senior Research Fellow in the Development Strategies and Governance Unit. Before leading the IFPRI Nigeria team, Kwaw worked as a Research Fellow in the IFPRI program in Ghana. His research has included analyses of the competitiveness of agricultural production in Ghana and the causal linkages between regulatory protection, land use, and socioeconomic outcomes. Prior to joining IFPRI, Kwaw served as an agricultural economist at the World Bank in Washington, DC, where he led analytical work on rural development in Yemen and worked on lending operations in agriculture in Indonesia, Mexico, Thailand, and Yemen, and was a Postdoctoral Fellow based in the IFPRI office in Ethiopia. He holds a PhD in Public Policy from the Georgia Institute of Technology and Georgia State University.

Publications

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Publications

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Report

Impact evaluation of the use of PBR cowpea in Nigeria: Baseline process evaluation report

2024Mockshell, Jonathan; Asante-Addo, Collins; Nwagboso, Chibuzo; Ritter, Thea; Amare, Mulubrhan; Andam, Kwaw S.
Details

Impact evaluation of the use of PBR cowpea in Nigeria: Baseline process evaluation report

This process evaluation (PE) is part of a five-year (2021–2026) impact evaluation (IE) of the use of a new pod-borer-resistant (PBR) cowpea variety in Nigeria, a project led by the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) and funded by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). While the IE draws from a representative sample of 1,399 farmers to determine the causal impacts of the use of PBR cowpea, the PE complements the IE by exploring in detail the potential adoption of the PBR cowpea variety and the reasons for adoption or non adoption, including its potential impacts on actors throughout the value chain. A program impact pathway (PIP) is the basis of this PE. The PIP identifies how impacts emerge from program inputs, processes, outputs, and outcomes to highlight barriers and facilitators of adoption. Given that this PE was conducted before the rollout of PBR cowpea in the IE, the analysis focuses on the potential of this innovative seed to achieve positive outputs and outcomes based on the PIP. Qualitative data were gathered from eight focus group discussions with farmers and 180 semi-structured interviews conducted with farmers, extension agents, seed dealers, and cowpea traders from eight local government areas (LGAs) in the states of Adamawa and Kwara. Given that the data are qualitative, the data are not representative. However, important insights were found that can help guide the IE.

Year published

2024

Authors

Mockshell, Jonathan; Asante-Addo, Collins; Nwagboso, Chibuzo; Ritter, Thea; Amare, Mulubrhan; Andam, Kwaw S.

Citation

Mockshell, Jonathan; Asante-Addo, Collins; Nwagboso, Chibuzo; Ritter, Thea; Amare, Mulubrhan; and Andam, Kwaw. 2024. Impact evaluation of the use of PBR cowpea in Nigeria: Baseline process evaluation report. NSSP Project Report: June 2024. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute. https://hdl.handle.net/10568/145073

Country/Region

Nigeria

Keywords

Western Africa; Africa; Impact Assessment; Cowpeas; Farmers; Agriculture; Value Chains; Stakeholders

Language

English

Access/Licence

Open AccessCC-BY-4.0

Source

Source record

Project

National Policies and Strategies

Record type

Report

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Report

Impact evaluation of the use of PBR cowpea in Nigeria: Baseline report

2024Andam, Kwaw S.; Amare, Mulubhran; Zambrano, Patrica; Bamiwuye, Temilolu; Nwagboso, Chibuzo; Fasoranti, Adetunji; Edeh, Hyacinth; Chambers, Judith
Details

Impact evaluation of the use of PBR cowpea in Nigeria: Baseline report

Nigeria is the largest consumer and producer of cowpea in Africa. Produced predominantly by smallholder farmers, cowpea is relied on by millions of Nigerians and is one of their main sources of affordable protein. Despite cowpea’s economic relevance (Nwagboso et al. 2024; Phillip et al. 2019), cowpea yields in Nigeria have barely grown over the last 20 years. One of the main abiotic constraints of the crop is the pod-borer insect (Maruca vitrata), which can cause damages of up to 80 percent. Given that conventional breeding has not been successful in addressing this constraint, local and international efforts over the last decades focused on developing a pod-borer-resistant (PBR) cowpea. The culmination of these efforts in Nigeria was the commercial release of the PBR cowpea variety SAMPEA-20T in late 2019. This is a significant milestone, as it was the first transgenic food crop to be approved for cultivation in Nigeria. In its programming under the “Feed the Future Innovative Maize and Cowpea Technologies to Increase Food and Nutrition Security in Africa” activity, implemented by the African Agricultural Technology Foundation (AATF), the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) aims for an adoption rate of PBR cowpea in Nigeria of 25 percent by 2025, with yield gains of 20 percent and accompanying reductions in pesticide applications. The International Food Policy Research Institute’s (IFPRI) Program for Biosafety Systems (PBS) is leading a five-year (2021–2026) impact evaluation (IE) project, funded by USAID. The study goal is to generate causal evidence of the use of the PBR cowpea variety and its consequential household and farm impacts and associated value chain effects. In a collaboration with IFPRI’s Nigeria Country Office, PBS is leading and coordinating the overall study while the IFPRI-Nigeria Country Office designs and implements the quantitative and qualitative approaches to the evaluation. IFPRI has worked with technology developers, the AATF and its partners (including private local seed companies), to ensure access to necessary data and cooperation by the evaluation team, while maintaining the team’s independence. To ensure such required independence, the evaluation team has separated the cooperation in implementing the evaluation (including distributing inputs) from the data analysis. The evaluation team will continue to maintain its independence in the methodological approach and the analysis of the results from the implemented randomized controlled trial (RCT), adhering to international standards.

Year published

2024

Authors

Andam, Kwaw S.; Amare, Mulubhran; Zambrano, Patrica; Bamiwuye, Temilolu; Nwagboso, Chibuzo; Fasoranti, Adetunji; Edeh, Hyacinth; Chambers, Judith

Citation

Andam, Kwaw S.; Amare, Mulubhran; Zambrano, Patrica; Bamiwuye, Temilolu; Nwagboso, Chibuzo; Fasoranti, Adetunji; Edeh, Hyacinth; and Chambers, Judith. 2024. Impact evaluation of the use of PBR cowpea in Nigeria: Baseline report. NSSP Project Report: June 2024. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute. https://hdl.handle.net/10568/145074

Country/Region

Nigeria

Keywords

Western Africa; Africa; Cowpeas; Smallholders; Nutrition; Yields; Pests; Transgenic Plants; Value Chains; Impact Assessment

Language

English

Access/Licence

Open AccessCC-BY-4.0

Source

Source record

Project

National Policies and Strategies

Record type

Report

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Report

Retrospective evaluation of scaling associated with the IITA Cassava Weed Management Project (CWMP): Final project

2024Andam, Kwaw S.; Agbara, Chinedu; Nwagboso, Chibuzo; Spielman, David J.; Olanrewaju, Opeyemi; Amailo, James; Takeshima, Hiroyuki; de Brauw, Alan
Details

Retrospective evaluation of scaling associated with the IITA Cassava Weed Management Project (CWMP): Final project

The Cassava Weed Management Project (CWMP), funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF) from 2013-2018, aimed to promote the use of safe and environmentally friendly herbicides for effective weed control in cassava production in Nigeria. This retrospective evaluation, conducted by a consortium of experts from the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) and Sahel Consulting Agriculture and Nutrition Limited, examined the extent to which the private sector has scaled up the herbicides tested and recommended by the CWMP, as well as the factors influencing companies’ decisions to register and deploy these products. The evaluation, conducted in 2023-2024, employed a mixed-methods approach that relied heavily on the qualitative approaches to uncover underlying factors affecting scaling and adoption. The methods included document reviews, key informant interviews (KII), focus group discussions (FGD) with cassava farmers, mystery shopper surveys of agro-dealer shops, and quantitative analysis of secondary data from sources like official company data and the Living Standard Measurement Study – Integrated Survey on Agriculture (LSMS-ISA). The evaluation findings indicate that the private sector has made notable efforts in scaling up some of the recommended herbicides, but the extent of scaling varies across different products. Relying on sales data from herbicide companies to estimate the number of cassava farmers who have adopted various herbicide products over the last five years, the evaluators found that Glyphosates stand out in terms of number of cassava farmers who have adopted these herbicides over this period. Owing to missing sales data from the herbicide companies, our reported estimates focus only on the number of farmers that purchased the herbicides in the most recent year of sale. We estimate that more than 200,000 cassava farmers used the herbicides Touchdown and Force-Up in 2023, and more than 120,000 cassava farmers used Sarosate in 2023. We found that only about 2,800 farmers used Primextra Gold in 2021. Gallant Super was also estimated to have been adopted by over 23,000 in 2023, Vigor adopted by over 5,000 farmers in 2023, and SlashaGold by about 4,500 cassava farmers. While these estimates are based on the best available data from the companies, it is important to exercise caution in citing these figures due to the lack of precise records of sales of specific herbicides to cassava farmers.

Year published

2024

Authors

Andam, Kwaw S.; Agbara, Chinedu; Nwagboso, Chibuzo; Spielman, David J.; Olanrewaju, Opeyemi; Amailo, James; Takeshima, Hiroyuki; de Brauw, Alan

Citation

Andam, Kwaw S.; Agbara, Chinedu; Nwagboso, Chibuzo; Spielman, David J.; Olanrewaju, Opeyemi; Amailo, James; Takeshima, Hiro; and de Brauw, Alan. 2024. Retrospective evaluation of scaling associated with the IITA Cassava Weed Management Project (CWMP): Final project. IFPRI Project Report. Washington, DC; and Abuja, Nigeria: International Food Policy Research Institute; and Sahel Consulting Agriculture and Nutrition Limited. https://hdl.handle.net/10568/145071

Country/Region

Nigeria

Keywords

Africa; Western Africa; Cassava; Weeds; Data; Herbicides

Language

English

Access/Licence

Open AccessCC-BY-4.0

Source

Source record

Record type

Report

Blogs

Nigeria’s lesson on scrapping fuel subsidies
IFPRI Blog
 | 
August 01, 2023

Nigeria’s lesson on scrapping fuel subsidies

By Jordan Kyle and Kwaw Andam

Many problems with a policy common in oil-producing countries.

The Russia-Ukraine crisis presents threats to Nigeria’s food security, but potential opportunities for the fertilizer, energy sectors
IFPRI Blog
 | 
June 09, 2022

The Russia-Ukraine crisis presents threats to Nigeria’s food security, but potential opportunities for the fertilizer, energy sectors

By Bedru Balana, Kwaw Andam, Mulubrhan Amare, Dolapo Adeyanju, and David Laborde

Problems for a country that imports 99% of its wheat.

Too good to be true? A model for reaching poor farmers and reducing subsidy costs in Ghana
IFPRI Blog
 | 
December 31, 2018

Too good to be true? A model for reaching poor farmers and reducing subsidy costs in Ghana

By Kwaw Andam

Targeted fertilizer subsidies cost more to administer but are significantly more cost-effective than universal subsidies, IFPRI research shows. 

Events

Improving Food Systems for Healthy Diets and Nutrition in Nigeria: Policies and Actions
Series/Special Event

 | 

July 25, 2024, 10:00 – 1:30 pm

Improving Food Systems for Healthy Diets and Nutrition in Nigeria: Policies and Actions

Despite significant progress in addressing hunger and undernutrition in the early 2000s, malnutrition, in all its forms, remains a major challenge in all regions of the world.  Unhealthy diets remain the primary drivers of many forms of malnutrition, including undernutrition, overweight and obesity, micronutrient deficiencies, and diet-related noncommunicable diseases.  Today, the number of people who […]

Drivers of Agrifood System Transformation: Lessons from Feed-the-Future Country Studies
IFPRI at External Event

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February 28, 2024, 9:30 – 11:00 am

Drivers of Agrifood System Transformation: Lessons from Feed-the-Future Country Studies

Webinar: February 28, 2024 – 09:30 AM to 11:00 AM EST. IFPRI is participating in the “Drivers of Agrifood System Transformation: Lessons from Feed-the-Future Country Studies” webinar.

Release of the Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) for Ghana
IFPRI Program/Country Event

 | 

August 24, 2023, 5:30 – 7:00 am

Release of the Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) for Ghana

Event: August 24, 2023 – 5:30 AM- 7:00 AM EDT. IFPRI is co-hosting the release of the Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) for Ghana under the Nexus Project in partnership with the Ghana Statistical Service and the Institute for Statistical, Social and Economic Research.

News

September 16, 2020 | In the News

A Nigerian farmer’s murder shows food security at tipping point (BNN Bloomberg)

BNN Bloomberg published an article that working the land can be a dangerous occupation because of longstanding religious and ethnic tensions and, more recently, organized crime. That’s as farmers already were having to contend with flooding or drought. It’s all now hitting agriculture just when Nigeria needs it most. Warming temperatures have also turned some once green northern […]

May 27, 2020 | In the News

Nigeria needs to increase food production to feed itself, experts say (Radio France International)  

Radio France International published an article about Nigerian President Muhammadu Buhari’s call to farmers. He said, “We don’t have money to import so we must produce what we have to eat.” Kwaw Andam, director of the Nigeria Strategy Support Program said, in a recent IFPRI report that “food supply was exempted from most restrictions during the height of the lockdown […]

February 04, 2020 | In the News

Can Nigeria’s rice revolution help it beat oil addiction?

Ozy reported that Nigeria has built its economy around crude oil, which contributes 90 percent of the nation’s external earnings and 70 percent of its total revenues, but in the process, Africa’s largest economy neglected agribusiness and domestic food production. However, according to Nigeria Program Leader & Research Fellow Kwaw Andam, that is changing. He […]