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With research staff from more than 60 countries, and offices across the globe, IFPRI provides research-based policy solutions to sustainably reduce poverty and end hunger and malnutrition in developing countries.

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researcher spotlight

Khalid Siddig

Khalid Siddig is a Senior Research Fellow in the Development Strategies and Governance Unit and Program Leader for the Sudan Strategy Support Program. He is an agricultural economist with a focus on examining the impacts of potential shocks and the allocation of resources on economic growth, environmental sustainability, and income distribution through the lens of economywide and micro-level tools. 

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IFPRI currently has more than 600 employees working in over 80 countries with a wide range of local, national, and international partners.

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Innovation Policy and Scaling

Hiroyuki Takeshima

Senior Research Fellow

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Bio

Hiroyuki Takeshima is a Senior Research Fellow in the Innovation Policy and Scaling Unit, based in Washington, DC, and has worked in IFPRI’s Nigeria office. His research focuses on agricultural technology adoption under climate change, including agricultural mechanization, seed and varietal technologies, agrifood system transformation and rural economic transformation, public investments, conflict, gender, and agriculture–nutrition linkages. His work covers Africa, South Asia, Southeast Asia, and Central Asia.

Hiroyuki is a coeditor of two IFPRI books, The Nigerian Rice Economy: Policy Options for Transforming Production, Marketing, and Trade and An Evolving Paradigm of Agricultural Mechanization Development: How Much Can Africa Learn from Asia? He is also the 2018 recipient of the Nils Westermarck Award of the International Association of Agricultural Economics. He obtained a PhD in agriculture and consumer economics from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.

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Publications

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Book Chapter

Agricultural mechanization: Drivers and characteristics

2024Belton, Ben; Win, Myat Thida; Zhang, Xiaobo; Filipski, Mateusz; Takeshima, Hiroyuki; Masias, Ian
Details

Agricultural mechanization: Drivers and characteristics

Widespread agricultural mechanization is a very recent phenomenon in Myanmar. In 2010, just 0.5 percent of farm households in the Delta used combine harvesters, and only 6 percent used threshers. A study of farm production economics in the country’s main agricultural zones in 2013/14 found that only 1 percent of paddy-cultivating households used combine harvesters. This was attributed to a combination of low wages and surplus labor in rural areas, poor infrastructure, a poor regulatory environment, and a lack of access to long-term capital among farmers. However, Myanmar’s policy reforms and reintegration into regional and global markets between 2011 and 2020 contributed to increasingly dynamic conditions, including economic growth averaging 7 percent per year (ADB 2018), accelerating out-migration from rural areas, and rapid rural transformation. This context gave rise to rapid and widespread agricultural mechanization. This chapter compares data from two pairs of complementary surveys to assess the effects of these economic changes on the uptake of agricultural mechanization. We combine demand-side (farm household) and supply-side (agricultural machinery retailer) surveys implemented between 2016 and 2018 across two major agroecological zones—a deltaic rice-growing environment (the Delta) and a rainfed semiarid zone (the Dry Zone). This approach allows for triangulation of results and captures variations in mechanization across geographies. In addition, we use data from multiple rounds of rapid assessments to evaluate the impacts of COVID-19 and other recent shocks.

Year published

2024

Authors

Belton, Ben; Win, Myat Thida; Zhang, Xiaobo; Filipski, Mateusz; Takeshima, Hiroyuki; Masias, Ian

Citation

Belton, Ben; Win, Myat Thida; Zhang, Xiaobo; Filipski, Mateusz; Takeshima, Hiroyuki; and Masias, Ian. 2024. Agricultural mechanization: Drivers and characteristics. In Myanmar’s agrifood system: Historical development, recent shocks, future opportunities, Duncan Boughton, Ben Belton, Isabel Lambrecht, and Bart Minten, eds. Chapter 7, Pp. 171-200. https://hdl.handle.net/10568/155170

Country/Region

Myanmar

Keywords

Asia; South-eastern Asia; Agricultural Mechanization; Agrifood Systems; Development; Economic Shock; Governance

Language

English

Access/Licence

Open AccessCC-BY-4.0

Source

Source record

Record type

Book Chapter

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Brief

Gender and age gaps in voice & agency in community governance: The value of female local political representation in India and Africa South of the Sahara under intensifying conflicts and climate uncertainty

2024Takeshima, Hiroyuki; Kyle, Jordan; Kosec, Katrina; Raghunathan, Kalyani
Details

Gender and age gaps in voice & agency in community governance: The value of female local political representation in India and Africa South of the Sahara under intensifying conflicts and climate uncertainty

Expanding women’s voice and agency (VA) within governance and decision-making has increasingly been recognized as necessary for promoting women’s welfare, community development, and inclusive food systems. VA are critical components of gender equality, in addition to access to resources and economic opportunities. While agency relates to an individual’s ability to make meaningful choices (our specific focus is on choices made beyond the household), voice within community governance and decision-making relates to an individual’s ability to play a public role in decision-making processes that affect one’s life. Exercising VA within community governance and decision-making involves having a meaningful say in the public sphere. Women’s VA within communities may strengthen resilience, increase women’s access to essential resources, improve women’s decision-making power in various domains including the household, and facilitate broader social networks for women. Sustainable Development Goal five on gender equality specifically targets the full and effective participation and equal opportunities for leadership for women at all levels of political life. However, gender gaps in VA are persistent. These gaps can be further aggravated by adverse external shocks, such as climate uncertainty and conflicts, which can impact resources, capital, and economic opportunities and which are often disproportionately harmful to women.

Year published

2024

Authors

Takeshima, Hiroyuki; Kyle, Jordan; Kosec, Katrina; Raghunathan, Kalyani

Citation

Takeshima, Hiroyuki; Kyle, Jordan; Kosec, Katrina; and Raghunathan, Kalyani. 2024. Gender and age gaps in voice & agency in community governance: The value of female local political representation in India and Africa South of the Sahara under intensifying conflicts and climate uncertainty. Policy Note August 2024. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute.

Country/Region

India

Keywords

Asia; Southern Asia; Africa; Sub-saharan Africa; Decision Making; Gender; Governance; Politics; Women; Gender Gap; Climate Change

Language

English

Access/Licence

Open AccessCC-BY-4.0

Source

Source record

Project

Fragility, Conflict, and Migration

Record type

Brief

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Conference Paper

Climate shocks and fertilizer responses: Field-level evidence for rice production in Bangladesh

2024Takeshima, Hiroyuki; Kishore, Avinash; Kumar, Anjani
Details

Climate shocks and fertilizer responses: Field-level evidence for rice production in Bangladesh

The fertilizer response of yield has been one of the major indicators of agricultural productivity in both developed and developing countries. Filling the evidence gap remains vital regarding fertilizer response in Asia, particularly in South Asia, given the evolution and emergence of new challenges, including intensifying climate shocks. We aim to partly fill this knowledge gap by investigating the associations between climate shocks and fertilizer response in Bangladeshi rice production. Using three rounds of nationally representative farm household panel data with plot- level information, we assess fertilizer response functions regarding rice yield and how the shapes of these response functions are heterogeneous in relation to anomalies in temperatures, droughts, and rainfall. We find robust evidence that climate anomalies have adverse effects on fertilizer responses, including higher temperatures for the Boro and the Aman irrigated systems and higher temperatures and droughts for the Aman rainfed systems. These findings hold robustly under various fertilizer response function forms, i.e., polynomial function and stochastic Linear Response Plateau. Furthermore, results for stochastic Linear Response Plateau are also consistent for both switching regression type models and Bayesian regression models. JEL Codes: Q01, Q12, Q01, Q19

Year published

2024

Authors

Takeshima, Hiroyuki; Kishore, Avinash; Kumar, Anjani

Citation

Takeshima, Hiroyuki; Kishore, Avinash; and Kumar, Anjani. 2024. Climate shocks and fertilizer responses: Field-level evidence for rice production in Bangladesh. 32nd International Conference of Agricultural Economists Conference, August 2-7, 2024, New Delhi, India. http://dx.doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.344280

Country/Region

Bangladesh

Keywords

Asia; Southern Asia; Climate Change; Crop Production; Fertilizers; Rice

Language

English

Access/Licence

Open Access

Links

https://doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.344280 Source record

Project

Agroecology

Record type

Conference Paper

Blogs

Tokyo Nutrition for Growth Summit: Leveraging Japanese knowledge to address global health and nutrition challenges
IFPRI Blog
 | 
January 14, 2022

Tokyo Nutrition for Growth Summit: Leveraging Japanese knowledge to address global health and nutrition challenges

By Swati Malhotra, Futoshi Yamauchi, and Hiroyuki Takeshima

Innovative approaches to solving the problems of food insecurity.

In search of effective support for agricultural mechanization in Africa
IFPRI Blog
 | 
October 30, 2020

In search of effective support for agricultural mechanization in Africa

By Hiroyuki Takeshima, Xinshen Diao, and Patrick Ohene Aboagye

Rising food demand and a shrinking rural labor pool have made the need for tractors and other machines increasingly urgent.

TICAD7 Side Event: How Japan’s know-how can help address Africa’s food and nutrition challenges
IFPRI Blog
 | 
September 27, 2019

TICAD7 Side Event: How Japan’s know-how can help address Africa’s food and nutrition challenges

By Hiroyuki Takeshima, Futoshi Yamauchi, and Swati Malhotra

Japanese organizations and businesses are working with African partners on a variety of fronts, from surimi factories to tomato production—a discussion.

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Events

The 8th Tokyo International Conference on African Development (TICAD8)
IFPRI at External Event

 | 

September 28, 2022, 6:00 – 7:30 pm

The 8th Tokyo International Conference on African Development (TICAD8)

Virtual Event: September 28, 2022 – 6:00 PM to 7:30 PM JST. The side event explores how Japan can lend its expertise to address Africa’s food and nutrition challenges and show some evidence of the impacts.

Side Event: How Japan’s know-how can help address food and nutrition challenges in the developing world
IFPRI at External Event

 | 

November 30, 2021, 6:00 – 7:30 am

Side Event: How Japan’s know-how can help address food and nutrition challenges in the developing world

Virtual Event: Nov 30, 2021 – 06:00 AM to 07:30 AM EST. This event explores how Japan can lend its expertise to address food and nutrition challenges in the developing world.

IFPRI @ Tokyo Nutrition for Growth (N4G) Summit 2021
IFPRI at External Event

 | 

November 30 to December 2, 2021

IFPRI @ Tokyo Nutrition for Growth (N4G) Summit 2021

Virtual Event: Nov 30, 2021 – 05:00 AM to Dec 2, 2021 11:00 PM EST. IFPRI is participating in the Tokyo Nutrition for Growth (N4G) Summit 2021

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News

January 15, 2020 | In the News

Why FG’s policy on mechanisation is not working (Daily Trust)

Daily Trust (Nigeria) reported that for more than 60 years, Nigeria has been importing tractors yet less than 30 percent of farmers in the country have access to mechanization. The story cites an IFPRI study in which Senior Research Fellow, Hiroyuki Takeshima finds government programs designed to bring in more tractors “are rarely effective, and government […]

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Awards

  • Nils Westermarck Award, 2018, International Association of Agricultural Economists (IAAE) 30th Conference of Agricultural Economists