IFPRI Datasets

TAFSSA District Agrifood Systems Assessment in India 2023: Market Survey

TAFSSA (Transforming Agrifood Systems in South Asia) is a CGIAR Regional Integrated Initiative aimed at advancing equitable access to sustainable healthy diets, enhancing farmers’ livelihoods and resilience, and conserving natural resources such as land, air, and water across South Asia. The TAFSSA district agrifood systems assessment seeks to establish a robust, accessible, and integrated evidence base that connects farm production, market access, dietary patterns, climate risk responses, and natural resource management, with gender considerations integrated throughout. The assessment focuses on rural areas in Bangladesh, India, and Nepal, utilizing a district-level, multi-year approach. Data collection took place between February and June 2023 in the Nalanda district of Bihar, India. The survey covered 50 villages in the district, focusing on formal and informal multi-vendor markets offering various food products within a 10-kilometer radius of the village centroid. The types of multi-vendor markets included village markets, weekly village markets, roadside/street markets, and wholesale markets (mandis). The survey employed pretested, structured questionnaires divided into three distinct modules: 1. Interview-Based Module: Collected data on vendor information, assortments of essential goods, availability, resilience, food sourcing, food wastage, and dimensions of access and protection. 2. Observation + Photo Module: Documented market information, infrastructure, and the quality, safety, and hygiene of the market. 3. Food List Module: Recorded the availability and prices of a comprehensive list of food items found at the location.

TAFSSA District Agrifood Systems Assessment in India 2023: Local Market and Retail Census

TAFSSA (Transforming Agrifood Systems in South Asia) is a CGIAR Regional Integrated Initiative aimed at advancing equitable access to sustainable healthy diets, enhancing farmers’ livelihoods and resilience, and conserving natural resources such as land, air, and water across South Asia. The TAFSSA district agrifood systems assessment seeks to establish a robust, accessible, and integrated evidence base that connects farm production, market access, dietary patterns, climate risk responses, and natural resource management, with gender considerations integrated throughout. The assessment focuses on rural areas in Bangladesh, India, and Nepal, utilizing a district-level, multi-year approach. In December 2022–January 2023, data collection was conducted in the Nalanda district of Bihar, India. A census was carried out in 50 villages selected using probability proportional to the number of households in each village. The census included all formal and informal multi-vendor markets offering a variety of food products, as well as retail food shops in the selected villages. The types of multi-vendor markets covered included village markets, weekly village markets, roadside/street markets, and wholesale markets (mandis). Retail shops included local grocery stores, vegetable/fruit shops (green grocers), and specialized shops selling meat, eggs, fish, or dairy products. The census employed pretested, structured questionnaires to gather data. Information collected included market density, vendor details, opening hours and days, products sold, infrastructure and facilities in shops, waste disposal methods, and GPS coordinates of the retail shops and markets.

TAFSSA District Agrifood Systems Assessment in Bangladesh 2023: Market Survey

TAFSSA (Transforming Agrifood Systems in South Asia) is a CGIAR Regional Integrated Initiative aimed at advancing equitable access to sustainable healthy diets, enhancing farmers’ livelihoods and resilience, and conserving natural resources such as land, air, and water across South Asia. The TAFSSA district agrifood systems assessment seeks to establish a robust, accessible, and integrated evidence base that connects farm production, market access, dietary patterns, climate risk responses, and natural resource management, with gender considerations integrated throughout. The assessment focuses on rural areas in Bangladesh, India, and Nepal, utilizing a district-level, multi-year approach. Data collection took place between February and June 2023 in the Rangpur and Rajshahi districts of Bangladesh. The survey covered 50 villages in each district, focusing on formal and informal multi-vendor markets offering a variety of food products within a 10-kilometer radius of the village centroid. The types of multi-vendor markets included in the survey were village markets, weekly village markets, roadside/street markets, and wholesale markets (mandis). The survey employed pretested, structured questionnaires organized into four distinct modules: 1. Market Manager Module: Captures general information about the market as a whole. 2. Interview-Based Module: Gathers vendor-specific data, including details on the assortment of goods, availability, resilience, food sourcing, wastage, access, and protection dimensions. 3. Observation + Photo Module: Focuses on market infrastructure, food quality, safety, and hygiene, supplemented with photographic documentation. 4. Food List Module: Documents the availability and prices of an extensive range of food items at each location. This comprehensive approach ensures a detailed understanding of agrifood systems at the district level, contributing to evidence-based decision-making for sustainable development.

TAFSSA District Agrifood Systems Assessment in India 2023: Retail Survey

TAFSSA (Transforming Agrifood Systems in South Asia) is a CGIAR Regional Integrated Initiative aimed at advancing equitable access to sustainable healthy diets, enhancing farmers’ livelihoods and resilience, and conserving natural resources such as land, air, and water across South Asia. The TAFSSA district agrifood systems assessment seeks to establish a robust, accessible, and integrated evidence base that connects farm production, market access, dietary patterns, climate risk responses, and natural resource management, with gender considerations integrated throughout. The assessment focuses on rural areas in Bangladesh, India, and Nepal, utilizing a district-level, multi-year approach. Data was collected between February and June 2023 in the Nalanda district of India. The survey encompassed 50 villages in the district, focusing on formal and informal retail shops operating within the sampled villages. The types of retail shops included local grocery stores and specialized shops selling meat, fish, eggs, or dairy products. The survey utilized pretested, structured questionnaires divided into three distinct modules: 1. Interview-Based Module: Captured vendor information, assortments of essential goods, availability, resilience, food sourcing, food wastage, and dimensions of access and protection. 2. Observation + Photo Module: Documented market information, infrastructure, and aspects related to food quality, safety, and hygiene. 3. Food List Module: Recorded the availability and prices of a comprehensive list of food items found in the area

TAFSSA District Agrifood Systems Assessment in Bangladesh 2023: Retail Survey

TAFSSA (Transforming Agrifood Systems in South Asia) is a CGIAR Regional Integrated Initiative aimed at advancing equitable access to sustainable healthy diets, enhancing farmers’ livelihoods and resilience, and conserving natural resources such as land, air, and water across South Asia. The TAFSSA district agrifood systems assessment seeks to establish a robust, accessible, and integrated evidence base that connects farm production, market access, dietary patterns, climate risk responses, and natural resource management, with gender considerations integrated throughout. The assessment focuses on rural areas in Bangladesh, India, and Nepal, utilizing a district-level, multi-year approach. Data collection took place between February and June 2023 in the Rangpur and Rajshahi districts of Bangladesh. The survey covered 50 villages in each district, focusing on formal and informal multi-vendor markets offering a variety of food products within a 10-kilometer radius of the village centroid. The types of multi-vendor markets included in the survey were village markets, weekly village markets, roadside/street markets, and wholesale markets (mandis). The survey employed pretested, structured questionnaires organized into four distinct modules: 1. Market Manager Module: Captures general information about the market as a whole. 2. Interview-Based Module: Gathers vendor-specific data, including details on the assortment of goods, availability, resilience, food sourcing, wastage, access, and protection dimensions. 3. Observation + Photo Module: Focuses on market infrastructure, food quality, safety, and hygiene, supplemented with photographic documentation. 4. Food List Module: Documents the availability and prices of an extensive range of food items at each location. This comprehensive approach ensures a detailed understanding of agrifood systems at the district level, contributing to evidence-based decision-making for sustainable development.

Myanmar Agricultural Performance Survey (MAPS), Round 5

The Myanmar Agricultural Performance Survey (MAPS) is a nationwide phone panel consisting of approximately 4,663 households. The objective of the survey is to collect data on farm characteristics and agricultural assets, area and crops planted, access to inputs, crop marketing, and constraints in agricultural activities. The respondents interviewed are a sub-sample of the Myanmar Household Welfare Survey. A novel sampling strategy in combination with the development of household and population weights allows for estimates that are nationally, regionally, and urban/rural representative. MAPS Round 5 survey was implemented by phone by Myanmar Survey Research (MSR) from January to March, 2024. The MAPS collected information on household characteristics, overall area cultivated, crops grown, security problems, input use and farm management practices, yields, sales, output prices, and marketing behavior. MAPS Round 5 focused on the agricultural activities of crop farmers during the monsoon of 2023.

2022 Social Accounting Matrix for Ghana

The 2022 Ghana Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) follows IFPRI’s Standard Nexus SAM approach, by focusing on consistency, comparability, and transparency of data. The Nexus SAMs available on IFPRI’s website separates domestic production into 42 activities. Factors are disaggregated into labor, agricultural land, and capital, with labor further disaggregated across three education-based categories. The household account is divided into 10 representative household groups: Rural and urban households across per capita consumption quintiles. Nexus SAMs support the improvement of model-based research and policy analysis in developing countries and allow for more robust cross-country comparisons of national economic structures, especially agriculture-food systems.

2022 Social Accounting Matrix for Colombia

The 2022 Colombia Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) follows IFPRI’s Standard Nexus SAM approach, by focusing on consistency, comparability, and transparency of data. The Nexus SAMs available on IFPRI’s website separates domestic production into 42 activities. Factors are disaggregated into labor, agricultural land, and capital, with labor further disaggregated across three education-based categories. The household account is divided into 10 representative household groups: Rural and urban households across per capita consumption quintiles. Nexus SAMs support the improvement of model-based research and policy analysis in developing countries and allow for more robust cross-country comparisons of national economic structures, especially agriculture-food systems.

2022/23 Social Accounting Matrix for India

The 2022/23 India Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) follows IFPRI’s Standard Nexus SAM approach, by focusing on consistency, comparability, and transparency of data. The Nexus SAMs available on IFPRI’s website separates domestic production into 42 activities. Factors are disaggregated into labor, agricultural land, and capital, with labor further disaggregated across three education-based categories. The household account is divided into 10 representative household groups: Rural and urban households across per capita consumption quintiles. Nexus SAMs support the improvement of model-based research and policy analysis in developing countries and allow for more robust cross-country comparisons of national economic structures, especially agriculture-food systems.

2021 Social Accounting Matrix for Guatemala

The 2021 Guatemala Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) follows IFPRI’s Standard Nexus SAM approach, by focusing on consistency, comparability, and transparency of data. The Nexus SAMs available on IFPRI’s website separates domestic production into 42 activities. Factors are disaggregated into labor, agricultural land, and capital, with labor further disaggregated across three education-based categories. The household account is divided into 10 representative household groups: Rural and urban households across per capita consumption quintiles. Nexus SAMs support the improvement of model-based research and policy analysis in developing countries and allow for more robust cross-country comparisons of national economic structures, especially agriculture-food systems.

2022 Social Accounting Matrix for Malawi

The 2022 Malawi Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) follows IFPRI’s Standard Nexus SAM approach, by focusing on consistency, comparability, and transparency of data. The Nexus SAMs available on IFPRI’s website separates domestic production into 42 activities. Factors are disaggregated into labor, agricultural land, and capital, with labor further disaggregated across three education-based categories. The household account is divided into 10 representative household groups: Rural and urban households across per capita consumption quintiles. Nexus SAMs support the improvement of model-based research and policy analysis in developing countries and allow for more robust cross-country comparisons of national economic structures, especially agriculture-food systems.

2022 Social Accounting Matrix for Bangladesh

The 2022 Bangladesh Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) follows IFPRI’s Standard Nexus SAM approach, by focusing on consistency, comparability, and transparency of data. The Nexus SAMs available on IFPRI’s website separates domestic production into 42 activities. Factors are disaggregated into labor, agricultural land, and capital, with labor further disaggregated across three education-based categories. The household account is divided into 10 representative household groups: Rural and urban households across per capita consumption quintiles. Nexus SAMs support the improvement of model-based research and policy analysis in developing countries and allow for more robust cross-country comparisons of national economic structures, especially agriculture-food systems.

2022 Social Accounting Matrix for Ethiopia

The 2022 Ethiopia Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) follows IFPRI’s Standard Nexus SAM approach, by focusing on consistency, comparability, and transparency of data. The Nexus SAMs available on IFPRI’s website separates domestic production into 42 activities. Factors are disaggregated into labor, agricultural land, and capital, with labor further disaggregated across three education-based categories. The household account is divided into 10 representative household groups: Rural and urban households across per capita consumption quintiles. Nexus SAMs support the improvement of model-based research and policy analysis in developing countries and allow for more robust cross-country comparisons of national economic structures, especially agriculture-food systems.

Nature+ Quantitative Baseline Household and Worker Survey, Viet Nam

In 2023, the Nature Positive Solutions (Nature+) baseline survey was conducted in Vietnam, focusing on the districts of Sa Pa and Mai Son. The study aimed to describe the socio-economic conditions and agricultural systems in these areas, providing a baseline assessment to inform ongoing Nature+ interventions. The survey covered 1,153 smallholder farmer households (858 treated and 295 control) across 23 villages. Data collection employed a two-stage sampling technique and assessed various variables, including socio-economic characteristics, agricultural practices, land use, nutrition, and adoption of Nature+ practices. This data will support the evaluation of Nature+’s impacts on inclusion, poverty reduction, food security, livelihoods, and environmental sustainability. Additionally, the survey included interviews with 334 workers, covering socio-demographic characteristics, contract types, forced labor, harassment, workplace health and safety, wages, and overtime. Furthermore, community-level data were collected through interviews conducted by the team’s supervisors in all 23 surveyed villages. Each discussion involved at least three community leaders as key informants.

Nature+ Quantitative Baseline Household & Worker Survey, Kenya

In 2023, the Nature Positive Solutions (Nature+) baseline survey was conducted in Kenya, focusing on the Counties of Kisumu, Vihiga, and Kajiado. The study aimed to describe the socio-economic conditions and agricultural systems in these areas, providing a baseline assessment to inform ongoing Nature+ interventions. The survey covered 1,502 smallholder farmer households (752 treated and 750 control) across 25 villages. Data collection employed a two-stage sampling technique and assessed various variables, including socio-economic characteristics, agricultural practices, land use, nutrition, and adoption of Nature+ practices. This data will support the evaluation of Nature+’s impacts on inclusion, poverty reduction, food security, livelihoods, and environmental sustainability. Additionally, the survey included interviews with 1056 workers, covering socio-demographic characteristics, contract types, forced labor, harassment, workplace health and safety, wages, and overtime. All monetary variables are expressed in Kenyan Shilling (KSH).

2022 Social Accounting Matrix for Nepal

The 2022 Nepal Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) follows IFPRI’s Standard Nexus SAM approach, by focusing on consistency, comparability, and transparency of data. The Nexus SAMs available on IFPRI’s website separates domestic production into 42 activities. Factors are disaggregated into labor, agricultural land, and capital, with labor further disaggregated across three education-based categories. The household account is divided into 10 representative household groups: Rural and urban households across per capita consumption quintiles. Nexus SAMs support the improvement of model-based research and policy analysis in developing countries and allow for more robust cross-country comparisons of national economic structures, especially agriculture-food systems.

2022 Social Accounting Matrix for Cambodia

The 2022 Cambodia Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) follows IFPRI’s Standard Nexus SAM approach, by focusing on consistency, comparability, and transparency of data. The Nexus SAMs available on IFPRI’s website separates domestic production into 42 activities. Factors are disaggregated into labor, agricultural land, and capital, with labor further disaggregated across three education-based categories. The household account is divided into 10 representative household groups: Rural and urban households across per capita consumption quintiles. Nexus SAMs support the improvement of model-based research and policy analysis in developing countries and allow for more robust cross-country comparisons of national economic structures, especially agriculture-food systems.

2022 Social Accounting Matrix for Tajikistan

The 2022 Tajikistan Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) follows IFPRI’s Standard Nexus SAM approach, by focusing on consistency, comparability, and transparency of data. The Nexus SAMs available on IFPRI’s website separates domestic production into 42 activities. Factors are disaggregated into labor, agricultural land, and capital, with labor further disaggregated across three education-based categories. The household account is divided into 10 representative household groups: Rural and urban households across per capita consumption quintiles. Nexus SAMs support the improvement of model-based research and policy analysis in developing countries and allow for more robust cross-country comparisons of national economic structures, especially agriculture-food systems.

2022 Social Accounting Matrix for Tanzania

The 2022 Tanzania Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) follows IFPRI’s Standard Nexus SAM approach, by focusing on consistency, comparability, and transparency of data. The Nexus SAMs available on IFPRI’s website separates domestic production into 42 activities. Factors are disaggregated into labor, agricultural land, and capital, with labor further disaggregated across three education-based categories. The household account is divided into 10 representative household groups: Rural and urban households across per capita consumption quintiles. Nexus SAMs support the improvement of model-based research and policy analysis in developing countries and allow for more robust cross-country comparisons of national economic structures, especially agriculture-food systems.

2021 Social Accounting Matrix for Sudan

The 2021 Sudan Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) follows IFPRI’s Standard Nexus SAM approach, by focusing on consistency, comparability, and transparency of data. The Nexus SAMs available on IFPRI’s website separates domestic production into 42 activities. Factors are disaggregated into labor, agricultural land, and capital, with labor further disaggregated across three education-based categories. The household account is divided into 10 representative household groups: Rural and urban households across per capita consumption quintiles. Nexus SAMs support the improvement of model-based research and policy analysis in developing countries and allow for more robust cross-country comparisons of national economic structures, especially agriculture-food systems.

2022 Social Accounting Matrix for Rwanda

The 2022 Rwanda Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) follows IFPRI’s Standard Nexus SAM approach, by focusing on consistency, comparability, and transparency of data. The Nexus SAMs available on IFPRI’s website separates domestic production into 42 activities. Factors are disaggregated into labor, agricultural land, and capital, with labor further disaggregated across three education-based categories. The household account is divided into 10 representative household groups: Rural and urban households across per capita consumption quintiles. Nexus SAMs support the improvement of model-based research and policy analysis in developing countries and allow for more robust cross-country comparisons of national economic structures, especially agriculture-food systems.

2023 Social Accounting Matrix for Pakistan

The 2023 Pakistan Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) follows IFPRI’s Standard Nexus SAM approach, by focusing on consistency, comparability, and transparency of data. The Nexus SAMs available on IFPRI’s website separates domestic production into 42 activities. Factors are disaggregated into labor, agricultural land, and capital, with labor further disaggregated across three education-based categories. The household account is divided into 10 representative household groups: Rural and urban households across per capita consumption quintiles. Nexus SAMs support the improvement of model-based research and policy analysis in developing countries and allow for more robust cross-country comparisons of national economic structures, especially agriculture-food systems.

2022 Social Accounting Matrix for Uganda

The 2022 Uganda Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) follows IFPRI’s Standard Nexus SAM approach, by focusing on consistency, comparability, and transparency of data. The Nexus SAMs available on IFPRI’s website separates domestic production into 42 activities. Factors are disaggregated into labor, agricultural land, and capital, with labor further disaggregated across three education-based categories. The household account is divided into 10 representative household groups: Rural and urban households across per capita consumption quintiles. Nexus SAMs support the improvement of model-based research and policy analysis in developing countries and allow for more robust cross-country comparisons of national economic structures, especially agriculture-food systems.

Assessment of the COVID-19 Pandemic Impact on Agriculture and Food Security in Tajikistan

This dataset comprises household farm survey data gathered through a phone-based survey in 2020 to generate insights on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on rural farm households in Tajikistan. Data collection occurred between September and October 2020 across 12 districts in southwest Khatlon, part of USAID’s Zone of Influence. The sample includes 1,200 households—1,047 of which were part of the baseline survey from IFPRI’s 2018 Assessment of Nutrition-Sensitive Value Chains in the Feed the Future Zone of Influence, with an additional 153 new households added due to attrition. Households were randomly selected from the baseline survey’s respondent roster, but the sample is not intended to be representative of the Zone of Influence. The survey’s questionnaire covers a range of topics at the household level, including household composition, income, expenditures, migration, mobility, dietary diversity, and intrahousehold relationships, with a strong emphasis on agriculture. The agriculture module focuses on changes in household participation in agricultural activities, land use, access to and costs of inputs, male and female labor, machinery, market access, and information.

Survey of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises in Agri-Food Value Chains: Network-Based Recruitment Approach in Uganda

The datasets and questionnaires included in this package are derived from the second phase of the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) project titled “Digital Financial Services Adoption among Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in the Midstream of Agricultural Value Chains.” This project focused on midstream actors within the arabica coffee and soybean value chains in Uganda, utilizing tailored surveys to assess their financial capabilities and constraints. The surveys were conducted in May and June 2023 across the Mbale, Kasese, and Lira districts. The data collection was carried out iteratively to gather information about intermediary actors at various stages of the agri-food value chain. In randomly selected villages within the primary study districts, a small group of farmers participated in a brief survey to identify intermediary actors to whom they had sold commodities in the past 30 days. The identified intermediary actors were then contacted and interviewed using a comprehensive intermediary actor survey. In total, 433 coffee farmers and 247 soybean farmers were interviewed in Uganda. The midstream actor sample for the coffee value chain includes 1,401 traders, 111 processors, 334 wholesalers, and 16 aggregators. For the soybean value chain, the sample consists of 507 traders, 2 processors, 280 wholesalers, 9 storage facilities, and 37 aggregators.

Survey of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises in Agri-Food Value Chains: Network-Based Recruitment Approach in Bangladesh

The datasets and questionnaires in this package come from the second phase of IFPRI’s “Digital Financial Services Adoption among SMEs in the Midstream of Agricultural Value Chains” project. This phase focused on midstream actors in the rice and potato value chains in Bangladesh, using tailored surveys to explore their financial capabilities and constraints. The surveys were conducted between June and August 2023 in the Bogra and Rangpur districts. The data collection was iterative, designed to capture insights from intermediary actors across different segments of the agri-food value chain. In randomly selected villages within our primary study areas, a brief farmer survey was used to identify intermediary actors they had sold commodities to in the last 30 days. These identified intermediaries were then contacted and interviewed using a more comprehensive survey. In Bangladesh, 280 rice farmers and 254 potato farmers participated in the farmer surveys. For the midstream actors, the sample includes 1,066 traders, 456 processors, and 220 wholesalers in the rice value chain, and 1,117 traders, 1 processor, 235 wholesalers, and 1 aggregator in the potato value chain.

Drivers of Pigeon Peas Consumption Among School Aged Children in Central Tanzania

Data was collected from 138 caregivers of reproductive age (20-49 years) residing in four villages—Laikala, Mlali, Moleti, and Chitego—in Kongwa District, Dodoma Region, Tanzania. The caregivers were from households with school-aged children (5–12 years) and were randomly selected using the random walk sampling method. In each selected household, one caregiver was chosen based on their prior knowledge and consumption of pigeon pea, as well as their willingness to participate in the study. The data collection involved a questionnaire designed to combine the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and the Health Belief Model (HBM). This questionnaire assessed both internal and external factors influencing caregivers’ choices regarding pigeon pea consumption for their children. Respondents indicated their level of agreement or disagreement with various statements on a Likert scale, as read by interviewers. This cross-sectional data is intended to provide insights into the factors affecting pigeon pea consumption and is valuable for developing programs and interventions aimed at increasing its intake in the Kongwa District.

2017/18 Social Accounting Matrix for Indian State Bihar

The Nexus Project is a collaboration between IFPRI and its partners, including national statistical agencies and research institutions. Our aim is to improve the quality of social accounting matrices (SAMs) used for computable general equilibrium (CGE) modeling. The Nexus Project develops toolkits and establishes common data standards, procedures, and classification systems for constructing and updating national SAMs. The 2017/18 Indian State Bihar SAM follows the Standard Nexus Structure. The open access version of the Indian State Bihar SAM separates domestic production into 42 activities. Factors are disaggregated into labor, agricultural land, and capital. Labor is further disaggregated across three education categories. Representative households are disaggregated by rural and urban areas and by per capita consumption expenditure quintile. The remaining accounts include enterprises, government, taxes, savings-and-investment, and the rest of the world.

2017/18 Social Accounting Matrix for Indian State Uttar Pradesh

The Nexus Project is a collaboration between IFPRI and its partners, including national statistical agencies and research institutions. Our aim is to improve the quality of social accounting matrices (SAMs) used for computable general equilibrium (CGE) modeling. The Nexus Project develops toolkits and establishes common data standards, procedures, and classification systems for constructing and updating national SAMs. The 2017/18 Indian State Uttar Pradesh SAM follows the Standard Nexus Structure. The open access version of the Indian State Uttar Pradesh SAM separates domestic production into 42 activities. Factors are disaggregated into labor, agricultural land, and capital. Labor is further disaggregated across three education categories. Representative households are disaggregated by rural and urban areas and by per capita consumption expenditure quintile. The remaining accounts include enterprises, government, taxes, savings-and-investment, and the rest of the world.

Myanmar Agricultural Performance Survey (MAPS), Round 4

The Myanmar Agricultural Performance Survey (MAPS) is a nationwide phone panel consisting of approximately 5,500 households. The objective of the survey is to collect data on farm characteristics and agricultural assets, area and crops planted, access to inputs, crop marketing, and constraints in agricultural activities. The respondents interviewed are a sub-sample of the Myanmar Household Welfare Survey. A novel sampling strategy in combination with the development of household and population weights allows for estimates that are nationally, regionally, and urban/rural representative. MAPS Round 4 survey was implemented by phone by Myanmar Survey Research (MSR) from June to July, 2023. The MAPS Round 4 sample has 5,001 combined respondents from Myanmar Household Welfare Survey (MHWS) Round 5 and MAPS Round 3. This includes 1,342 respondents not previously interviewed for any round of MAPS but interviewed in MHWS. MAPS Round 4 compares agricultural production in the pre/post monsoon 2022 and the pre/post monsoon 2023.

2018 Social Accounting Matrix for Indian State Odisha

The Nexus Project is a collaboration between IFPRI and its partners, including national statistical agencies and research institutions. Our aim is to improve the quality of social accounting matrices (SAMs) used for computable general equilibrium (CGE) modeling. The Nexus Project develops toolkits and establishes common data standards, procedures, and classification systems for constructing and updating national SAMs. The 2018 Indian State Odisha SAM follows the Standard Nexus Structure. The open access version of the Indian State Odisha SAM separates domestic production into 42 activities. Factors are disaggregated into labor, agricultural land, and capital. Labor is further disaggregated across three education categories. Representative households are disaggregated by rural and urban areas and by per capita expenditure quintile. The remaining accounts include enterprises, government, taxes, savings-and-investment, and the rest of the world.

2019 Social Accounting Matrix for Colombia

The Nexus Project is a collaboration between IFPRI and its partners, including national statistical agencies and research institutions. Our aim is to improve the quality of social accounting matrices (SAMs) used for computable general equilibrium (CGE) modeling. The Nexus Project develops toolkits and establishes common data standards, procedures, and classification systems for constructing and updating national SAMs. The 2019 Colombia SAM follows the Standard Nexus Structure. The open access version of the Colombia SAM separates domestic production into 42 activities. Factors are disaggregated into labor, agricultural land, and capital. Labor is further disaggregated across three education categories. Representative households are disaggregated by rural and urban areas and by per capita expenditure quintile. The remaining accounts include enterprises, government, taxes, savings-and-investment, and the rest of the world.

Myanmar Household Welfare Survey (MHWS), Round 6

The sixth round of the Myanmar Household Welfare Survey (MHWS)–a nationwide phone panel consisting of 12,898 households–was implemented between August, 2023 and November, 2023. The objective of the survey was to collect data on a wide range of household and individual welfare indicators–including wealth, livelihoods, unemployment, food insecurity, diet quality, health shocks, and coping strategies–in a country exceptionally hard hit by conflict, severe economic collapse, and several damaging waves of COVID-19. The respondents interviewed in the MHWS were purposely selected from a large phone database aimed at being representative at the region/state level and urban/rural level in Myanmar. A novel sampling strategy in combination with the development of household and population weights allows for estimates that are nationally, regionally, and urban/rural representative.

Generalized Livelihoods Self-efficacy Scale

The Measures for Advancing Gender Equality (MAGNET) initiative aims to broaden and deepen the measurement of women’s agency, based on the development of new tools and rigorous testing and comparison of both new and existing methods for measuring agency, and promoting the adoption of these measures at scale. By increasing the availability of innovative meaningful measures of agency for a broad range of contexts, we hope our work will lead to an improved understanding of what women’s agency is, how it manifests and how it can best be measured across contexts given the research question at hand. Improving women’s self-efficacy, or their belief in own capabilities to act effectively towards their own goals, is an important and urgent policy goal. The 10-item Generalized Livelihoods Self-efficacy Scale allows us to measure self-efficacy applicable to general economic activities. As opposed to treating it as a generalized personality trait or as a domain-specific construct, it intends to be a measure that is applicable across economic activities and to capture livelihoods in general in low-income contexts. It is designed to capture both control over economic decisions and resources and the ability to engage in economic activities. This tool is suited for surveys run by NSOs, other nationally representative individual- or household-level surveys, and for targeted thematic or impact evaluation surveys designed to understand individuals’ agency and decision-making. Other variables you may want to collect alongside this tool include engagement in income-generating activities, individual income, and MAGNET’s goal-setting capacity scale. This data study includes following files. 1. A survey document (including implementation guidelines). 2. Two files, CAPI_Choices and CAPI_Survey, along with the accompanying files, can be used to construct a CAPI program ready for survey implementation. Alternatively, users can use an Excel workbook “CAPI_.xlsx” that includes worksheets for survey and choices, along with others, for constructing a CAPI program ready for survey implementation.

Project-level Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture Index for Market Inclusion (Pro-WEAI+MI): Philippines Case Study

The project-level Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture Index for market inclusion (pro-WEAI+MI) is a modified version of the pro-WEAI that captures empowerment across commodity value chains (VC), VC actors, and beneficiaries of VC/training interventions. This dataset from the Philippines is the first of four country case studies that developed additional market inclusion (+MI) indicators to complement the pro-WEAI. The Philippines case study focused on women and men working in production, processing, trading, and marketing in the abaca, coconut, seaweed, and swine VCs. Using a purposive sampling design, survey data were collected in March–August 2017 in six provinces in the Bicol and Visayas regions of the Philippines. Data on each VC was collected in two provinces, selected based on presence of production and processing activities. Abaca and coconut data were collected initially in Sorsogon and Leyte, and additional survey areas were added in Albay and Southern Leyte to reach target sample sizes. Seaweed and swine data were collected in Bohol and Cebu. This data package includes the pro-WEAI+MI questions implemented in the Philippines, basic household and demographic information, and constructed pro-WEAI and +MI indicators.

Project-level Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture Index for Market Inclusion (Pro-WEAI+MI): Malawi Case Study

The project-level Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture Index for market inclusion (pro-WEAI+MI) is a modified version of the pro-WEAI that captures empowerment across commodity value chains (VC), VC actors, and beneficiaries of VC/training interventions. This dataset from Malawi is one of four country case studies that developed additional market inclusion (+MI) indicators to complement the pro-WEAI. The Malawi case study was conducted as part of the Agricultural Technical Vocational Education and Training for Women (ATVET4W) Program, a gender-sensitive approach to technical training and market linkages in priority agricultural value chains led by the African Union Development Agency-New Partnership for Africa’s Development (AUDA-NEPAD) and Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ). To compare program beneficiaries versus non-beneficiaries, a household survey was collected from September to October 2019 in five districts where ATVET4W has (1) started some activities, (2) shown initial commitment from a community college, and (3) shown a high likelihood to continue with the program. These districts cover different regions (North, Central, South), agroecological zones, and socioeconomic profiles. This data package includes the pro-WEAI+MI questions implemented in Malawi, basic household and demographic information, and constructed pro-WEAI and +MI indicators.

Cognitive Labor

The Measures for Advancing Gender Equality (MAGNET) initiative aims to broaden and deepen the measurement of women’s agency, based on the development of new tools and rigorous testing and comparison of both new and existing methods for measuring agency, and promoting the adoption of these measures at scale. By increasing the availability of innovative meaningful measures of agency for a broad range of contexts, we hope our work will lead to an improved understanding of what women’s agency is, how it manifests and how it can best be measured across contexts given the research question at hand. Cognitive labor refers to the mental work associated with anticipating the needs of family members (especially children), identifying options for meeting those needs, deciding among the options, and monitoring the results of those decisions (Daminger 2019). Although distinct from the physical dimensions of unpaid care and domestic labor, like these activities, cognitive labor is viewed in many societies as primarily women’s responsibility. Cognitive labor is, thus, an important component of gender inequality within households. This tool measures cognitive labor in association with different agricultural and non-agricultural activities using easily understandable language (“thinking and planning”). We recommend the use of this tool in the design, monitoring, and evaluation of development programs aimed at improving women’s empowerment and reducing women’s work burdens. This data study includes following files. 1. A survey document (including implementation guidelines). 2. Two files, CAPI_Choices and CAPI_Survey, along with the accompanying files, can be used to construct a CAPI program ready for survey implementation. Alternatively, users can use an Excel workbook “CAPI_.xlsx” that includes worksheets for survey and choices, along with others, for constructing a CAPI program ready for survey implementation.

Motivational Autonomy and Internalized Norms

The Measures for Advancing Gender Equality (MAGNET) initiative aims to broaden and deepen the measurement of women’s agency, based on the development of new tools and rigorous testing and comparison of both new and existing methods for measuring agency, and promoting the adoption of these measures at scale. By increasing the availability of innovative meaningful measures of agency for a broad range of contexts, we hope our work will lead to an improved understanding of what women’s agency is, how it manifests and how it can best be measured across contexts given the research question at hand. A key component of Self-Determination Theory (Ryan and Deci 2000), motivational autonomy conceptualizes human behavior as driven by distinct types of motivation. Behavior that reflects individuals’ own values and interests is seen as autonomous and intrinsically motivated. Behavior taken to avoid punishment and blame or to gain reward or favor among other people is seen as extrinsically motivated. This survey tool, Motivational Autonomy and Internalized Norms, includes vignettes measuring four different types of motivation, ranging from the most autonomous (intrinsic, integrated) to the least autonomous (introjected, external). We recommend the use of this tool in the design, monitoring, and evaluation of development programs aimed at improving women’s empowerment. This data study includes following files. 1. A survey document (including implementation guidelines) 2.Two files, CAPI_Choices and CAPI_Survey, along with the accompanying files, can be used to construct a CAPI program ready for survey implementation. Alternatively, users can use an Excel workbook “CAPI_.xlsx” that includes worksheets for survey and choices, along with others, for constructing a CAPI program ready for survey implementation.

Time-use Agency

The Measures for Advancing Gender Equality (MAGNET) initiative aims to broaden and deepen the measurement of women’s agency, based on the development of new tools and rigorous testing and comparison of both new and existing methods for measuring agency, and promoting the adoption of these measures at scale. By increasing the availability of innovative meaningful measures of agency for a broad range of contexts, we hope our work will lead to an improved understanding of what women’s agency is, how it manifests and how it can best be measured across contexts given the research question at hand. Time allocations display highly gendered patterns across the globe. Women experience much higher levels of time poverty due to the disproportionate share of care and domestic work they bear. The standard time-use modules allow us to understand how individuals allocate their time across different activities. But they are silent on individuals’ preferences regarding such allocations. This tool aims to measure time-use agency, defined as the confidence in and the ability to make an act upon strategic choices about how to allocate one’s time. This data study includes following files. 1. A survey document (including implementation guidelines)

Collective Agency

The Measures for Advancing Gender Equality (MAGNET) initiative aims to broaden and deepen the measurement of women’s agency, based on the development of new tools and rigorous testing and comparison of both new and existing methods for measuring agency, and promoting the adoption of these measures at scale. By increasing the availability of innovative meaningful measures of agency for a broad range of contexts, we hope our work will lead to an improved understanding of what women’s agency is, how it manifests and how it can best be measured across contexts given the research question at hand. Collective agency, or “power with”, is a critical component of women’s empowerment beyond the household. At the individual level, women often rely on groups to identify and achieve goals that advance them professionally, socially, economically, and politically. Within their homes, participation in groups can empower women by improving self-efficacy and self-esteem. Groups—whether entirely comprised of women, or mixed gender—can provide the skills and experience necessary for women, individually and collectively, to build agency, increase productivity, incomes, reduce workloads, and improve resilience. We recommend the use of this tool, Collective Agency, in the design, monitoring, and evaluation of group-based development programs aimed at improving women’s empowerment. This data study includes following files. 1. A survey document (including implementation guidelines)

Gender Inequality: Critical Consciousness Scale

The Measures for Advancing Gender Equality (MAGNET) initiative aims to broaden and deepen the measurement of women’s agency, based on the development of new tools and rigorous testing and comparison of both new and existing methods for measuring agency, and promoting the adoption of these measures at scale. By increasing the availability of innovative meaningful measures of agency for a broad range of contexts, we hope our work will lead to an improved understanding of what women’s agency is, how it manifests and how it can best be measured across contexts given the research question at hand. The policy goal of empowering women may be hindered by women’s lack of perception of the degree of gender inequality, their actual desire for egalitarianism, and what they do to push for change. Critical consciousness is defined as the capacity of oppressed or marginalized people to critically analyze their social and political conditions, endorsement of societal equality, and action to change perceived inequities (Freire, 1973). This tool, Gender Inequality: Critical Consciousness Scale, fills a gap of measuring critical consciousness on gender inequality adapted to the Global South. The scale has three components: critical reflection (degree to which women are aware of the conditions that discriminate them), critical action (what they do to push for change), and critical motivation (desire for egalitarianism). This tool is suited for surveys run by NSOs, other nationally representative individual- or household-level surveys, and for targeted thematic or impact evaluation surveys. We recommend the use of this tool in the design, monitoring, and evaluation of development programs aimed at improving women’s empowerment. This data study includes following files. 1. A survey document (including implementation guidelines). 2.Two files, CAPI_Choices and CAPI_Survey, along with the accompanying files, can be used to construct a CAPI program ready for survey implementation. Alternatively, users can use an Excel workbook “CAPI_.xlsx” that includes worksheets for survey and choices, along with others, for constructing a CAPI program ready for survey implementation.

Short-form Locus of Control Scale

The Measures for Advancing Gender Equality (MAGNET) initiative aims to broaden and deepen the measurement of women’s agency, based on the development of new tools and rigorous testing and comparison of both new and existing methods for measuring agency, and promoting the adoption of these measures at scale. By increasing the availability of innovative meaningful measures of agency for a broad range of contexts, we hope our work will lead to an improved understanding of what women’s agency is, how it manifests and how it can best be measured across contexts given the research question at hand. Measuring an individual’s agency requires understanding to what degree individuals believe they can purposefully achieve their goals (Kabeer 1999; Donald et al. 2020). A common conceptualization in psychology is an individual’s locus of control (Rotter 1966): the degree to which an individual believes that events are caused by one’s own behavior versus external factors (chance or powerful others). This construct is of policy interest because a greater internal locus of control is empirically associated with positive outcomes including human capital, technology adoption, employment outcomes, and savings. The 9-item Short-form Locus of Control Scale adapts the Sapp and Harrod (1993) scale, allowing us to capture who are the “powerful others” that individuals have in mind when we try to measure individuals’ external locus of control. This scale includes items that explicitly mention household and non-household members. This scale can be used to measure differences in internal locus of control within a population, determine where an individual’s feeling of lack of control comes from, or to assess heterogeneity in the impact of a program by baseline levels of locus of control. Which “powerful others” are included in the scale can be adapted depending on the context. For example, when administering this scale to adolescent girls, asking about parents or peers may be more relevant. This tool is suited for surveys run by NSOs, other nationally representative individual- or household-level surveys, and for targeted thematic or impact evaluation surveys designed to understand individuals’ agency and decision-making. This data study includes following files. 1. A survey document (including implementation guidelines). 2.Two files, CAPI_Choices and CAPI_Survey, along with the accompanying files, can be used to construct a CAPI program ready for survey implementation. Alternatively, users can use an Excel workbook “CAPI_.xlsx” that includes worksheets for survey and choices, along with others, for constructing a CAPI program ready for survey implementation.

Algorithmic Assessment of Agency

The Measures for Advancing Gender Equality (MAGNET) initiative aims to broaden and deepen the measurement of women’s agency, based on the development of new tools and rigorous testing and comparison of both new and existing methods for measuring agency, and promoting the adoption of these measures at scale. By increasing the availability of innovative meaningful measures of agency for a broad range of contexts, we hope our work will lead to an improved understanding of what women’s agency is, how it manifests and how it can best be measured across contexts given the research question at hand. Measuring women’s agency with women’s own narratives through open-ended interviews is considered the gold-standard. Yet the data processing relies on hand-coding presenting limitations related to budget, time, and discretion of annotators. This tool, Algorithmic Assessment of Agency, is a text-analysis measure of women’s agency, drawing on text-to-speech transcripts of women’s answers to open-ended questions. This method will adapt the Franzosi (1994, 2004) methodology for analyzing semi-structured interviews, attributing an automated agency score to women’s narratives about how they make decisions, how they live their life and how this compares to their preferences. These questions are well-suited for surveys for targeted thematic or impact evaluation surveys designed to understand individuals’ agency and decision-making. We recommend the use of this tool in the design, monitoring, and evaluation of development programs aimed at improving women’s empowerment. This data study includes following files. 1. A survey document (including implementation guidelines). 2. Two files, CAPI_Choices and CAPI_Survey, along with the accompanying files, can be used to construct a CAPI program ready for survey implementation. Alternatively, users can use an Excel workbook “CAPI_.xlsx” that includes worksheets for survey and choices, along with others, for constructing a CAPI program ready for survey implementation.

Agricultural Self-efficacy Scale

The Measures for Advancing Gender Equality (MAGNET) initiative aims to broaden and deepen the measurement of women’s agency, based on the development of new tools and rigorous testing and comparison of both new and existing methods for measuring agency, and promoting the adoption of these measures at scale. By increasing the availability of innovative meaningful measures of agency for a broad range of contexts, we hope our work will lead to an improved understanding of what women’s agency is, how it manifests and how it can best be measured across contexts given the research question at hand. Improving women’s self-efficacy—that is, their belief in their capabilities to act effectively towards a goal—is an important and urgent policy goal. Despite being the sector that employs most of the labor force across the Global South, how to measure self-efficacy in agricultural activities in low-income countries remains understudied. This 10-item Agricultural Self-efficacy Scale allows us to capture the extent to which individuals believe in their own capacity to reach goals regarding different common activities in agriculture, grounded in McGee et al.’s (2009) framework for measuring entrepreneurial self-efficacy. This scale can be used to assess levels of agricultural self-efficacy in a population, determine which sub-domains of self-efficacy are strongest or weakest (e.g., managing labor or obtaining a loan) as well as to assess the impact of agriculture-related projects. This tool is suited for surveys run by NSOs, other nationally representative individual- or household-level surveys, and for targeted thematic or impact evaluation surveys designed to understand individuals’ agency and decision-making. This data study includes following files. 1. A survey document (including implementation guidelines). 2. Two files, CAPI_Choices and CAPI_Survey, along with the accompanying files, can be used to construct a CAPI program ready for survey implementation. Alternatively, users can use an Excel workbook “CAPI_.xlsx” that includes worksheets for survey and choices, along with others, for constructing a CAPI program ready for survey implementation.

Gender and Occupation: Automatic Cognition Test

The Measures for Advancing Gender Equality (MAGNET) initiative aims to broaden and deepen the measurement of women’s agency, based on the development of new tools and rigorous testing and comparison of both new and existing methods for measuring agency, and promoting the adoption of these measures at scale. By increasing the availability of innovative meaningful measures of agency for a broad range of contexts, we hope our work will lead to an improved understanding of what women’s agency is, how it manifests and how it can best be measured across contexts given the research question at hand. This tool, Gender and Occupation: Automatic Cognition Test, captures ‘automatic cognition’ (i.e., cognition that is fast, effortless, and occurs with little conscious awareness) regarding the gendered nature of specific activities and occupations. An increasing number of policy interventions aim to change gender norms and biased attitudes against women, including those regarding which occupations it is appropriate for women to work in. However, such implicit attitudes and biases are notoriously prone to measurement error. Rather than the more complex Implicit Association Test (IAT), this tool captures automatic cognition based on the simpler Affect Misattribution Procedure (Miles et al. 2019). This tool can be used to diagnose the strength of automatic cognitive processes regarding gender and occupations in a given population, but also to assess the impact of interventions aiming to shift attitudes or norms. Users may want to use this tool alongside other measures of gender attitudes, as well as the respondent’s current occupation. This data study includes following files. 1. A survey document (including implementation guidelines). 2. Two files, CAPI_Choices and CAPI_Survey, along with the accompanying files, can be used to construct a CAPI program ready for survey implementation. Alternatively, users can use an Excel workbook “CAPI_.xlsx” that includes worksheets for survey and choices, along with others, for constructing a CAPI program ready for survey implementation.

Valuation of Time and Money

The Measures for Advancing Gender Equality (MAGNET) initiative aims to broaden and deepen the measurement of women’s agency, based on the development of new tools and rigorous testing and comparison of both new and existing methods for measuring agency, and promoting the adoption of these measures at scale. By increasing the availability of innovative meaningful measures of agency for a broad range of contexts, we hope our work will lead to an improved understanding of what women’s agency is, how it manifests and how it can best be measured across contexts given the research question at hand. This tool, Valuation of Time and Money, comprises survey questions, vignettes and a simple scale to understand how men and women value additional time (including work flexibility) versus additional income, their current level of control over their time and income, and their related gender attitudes. Understanding individuals’ preferences over time and money is crucial for accurately capturing welfare and the impact of development programs. Moreover, measuring disparities in how men and women perceive and manage their time and financial resources is crucial for inclusive policymaking. This data study includes following files. 1. A survey document (including implementation guidelines). 2.Two files, CAPI_Choices and CAPI_Survey, along with the accompanying files, can be used to construct a CAPI program ready for survey implementation. Alternatively, users can use an Excel workbook “CAPI_.xlsx” that includes worksheets for survey and choices, along with others, for constructing a CAPI program ready for survey implementation.

Intra-personal Conflict Strategies

The Measures for Advancing Gender Equality (MAGNET) initiative aims to broaden and deepen the measurement of women’s agency, based on the development of new tools and rigorous testing and comparison of both new and existing methods for measuring agency, and promoting the adoption of these measures at scale. By increasing the availability of innovative meaningful measures of agency for a broad range of contexts, we hope our work will lead to an improved understanding of what women’s agency is, how it manifests and how it can best be measured across contexts given the research question at hand. Evidence suggests the process of decision-making itself—in addition to the final outcome—has important implications for households. This tool, Intra-personal Conflict Strategies, aims to deepen our understanding of how decisions are made when spouses have different preferences or constraints. When household members agree on the decision (regardless of the motivations), the decision-making process is relatively simple to understand. But when differences in opinions arise, the intrahousehold decision-making process can be more complex. It is important to understand differences in intra-personal conflict styles and how these differences impact the decision-making outcomes within the household. This tool uses vignettes aimed to capture five potential conflict strategies in which individuals may engage (avoidance, dominance, compromise, obliging, and collaboration). The vignettes build on Rahim ’s (1983) Model of Conflict Management styles for interpersonal conflicts, which is widely used to assess conflict behavior of individuals across five styles: (1) Avoidance, (2) Dominance, (3) Compromise, (4) Obliging, and (5) Collaboration. This information could be used to develop appropriate interventions that recognize the various types of conflict strategies people in a given area use within household decision-making. It may also be used to characterize household types for further analysis. This data study includes following files. 1. A survey document (including implementation guidelines)

Asset Rights Upon Marriage Dissolution

The Measures for Advancing Gender Equality (MAGNET) initiative aims to broaden and deepen the measurement of women’s agency, based on the development of new tools and rigorous testing and comparison of both new and existing methods for measuring agency, and promoting the adoption of these measures at scale. By increasing the availability of innovative meaningful measures of agency for a broad range of contexts, we hope our work will lead to an improved understanding of what women’s agency is, how it manifests and how it can best be measured across contexts given the research question at hand. Enhancing women’s land rights is an increasingly important goal for governments and policymakers around the world. Frequently, the duration of a woman’s property rights is limited to the time while she is married. To understand a woman’s tenure security, it is necessary to know whether her tenure extends beyond the length of her marriage. The survey questions in this tool, Asset Rights upon Marriage Dissolution, inquire about expectations regarding asset ownership and rights if a couple were to separate, and how the answers may vary by type of asset and mode of acquisition (e.g., purchase together, gifted, or inherited). The questions may be asked about different types of assets such as agricultural land, livestock, etc. To fully understand women’s tenure security in the event of separation, it is useful to have this tool alongside modules that solicit information on individual’s ownership of the asset. This data study includes following files. 1. A survey document (including implementation guidelines) 2.Two files, CAPI_Choices and CAPI_Survey, along with the accompanying help files, can be used to construct a CAPI program ready for survey implementation. Alternatively, users can use an Excel workbook “CAPI_.xlsx” that includes worksheets for survey and choices, along with help files, for constructing a CAPI program ready for survey implementation.

Asset Control and Benefits Scale

The Measures for Advancing Gender Equality (MAGNET) initiative aims to broaden and deepen the measurement of women’s agency, based on the development of new tools and rigorous testing and comparison of both new and existing methods for measuring agency, and promoting the adoption of these measures at scale. By increasing the availability of innovative meaningful measures of agency for a broad range of contexts, we hope our work will lead to an improved understanding of what women’s agency is, how it manifests and how it can best be measured across contexts given the research question at hand. There are myriad definitions of ownership, control, benefit, and use of assets (e.g., right to access the resource, exploit for economic benefit, right to transfer, right to bequeath, etc.,). A common challenge in survey implementation is the significant cost, both in terms of duration and budget, that collecting a full roster of assets and asset rights might involve. The Asset Control and Benefits Scale aims to simplify the process by measuring with Likert-agreement items the construct of control and benefits over assets including land, livestock, phone, mode of transportation, and large household appliances. This scale is suited for surveys run by NSOs, other nationally representative individual- or household-level surveys, and for targeted thematic or impact evaluation surveys designed to understand individuals’ agency and decision-making. This data study includes following files. 1. A survey document (including implementation guidelines). 2. Two files, CAPI_Choices and CAPI_Survey, along with the accompanying help files, can be used to construct a CAPI program ready for survey implementation. Alternatively, users can use an Excel workbook “CAPI_.xlsx” that includes worksheets for survey and choices, along with others, for constructing a CAPI program ready for survey implementation.

Bandwidth Depletion

The Measures for Advancing Gender Equality (MAGNET) initiative aims to broaden and deepen the measurement of women’s agency, based on the development of new tools and rigorous testing and comparison of both new and existing methods for measuring agency, and promoting the adoption of these measures at scale. By increasing the availability of innovative meaningful measures of agency for a broad range of contexts, we hope our work will lead to an improved understanding of what women’s agency is, how it manifests and how it can best be measured across contexts given the research question at hand. Cognitive bandwidth depletion and scarcity mindset are well-studied in laboratory settings, and there is strong evidence base for how it impacts poor people. Scarcity mindset induced by financial constraints may result in reduced bandwidth to attend to other pressing tasks, leading to trade-off thinking or giving preference to decisions that may have positive benefits for meeting immediate needs, but may result in negative impacts on longer-term well-being. Understanding bandwidth depletion could shed light on mechanisms behind why or how households prioritize certain decisions. Currently, there is limited evidence in non-Western contexts and from studies outside of laboratory settings, as well as a lack of measures that work in these contexts. This tool, Bandwidth Depletion, consists of a self-reported bandwidth scale and Simon’s circle task. This measurement tool is well suited for targeted thematic or impact evaluation surveys. Other variables that you may want to collect alongside the bandwidth depletion measure include education level, time use, household income, and food security. This data study includes following files. 1. A survey document (including implementation guidelines) 2. A statistical annex containing more information about the validation of the tool, as well as statistical guidance for analysis

Rights when Land is Owned Jointly

The Measures for Advancing Gender Equality (MAGNET) initiative aims to broaden and deepen the measurement of women’s agency, based on the development of new tools and rigorous testing and comparison of both new and existing methods for measuring agency, and promoting the adoption of these measures at scale. By increasing the availability of innovative meaningful measures of agency for a broad range of contexts, we hope our work will lead to an improved understanding of what women’s agency is, how it manifests and how it can best be measured across contexts given the research question at hand. Expanding women’s asset ownership is key not only for improving gender equality, but also for promoting economic development and wellbeing. But survey respondents often report owning assets jointly with others, including their spouses, children, and extended family. But it is not always clear what is meant by joint ownership and what rights or control the respondent has regarding the asset. Measuring the extent of women’s property rights also requires understanding the role played by joint ownership. This tool, Rights when Land is Owned Jointly, allows us to elicit subjective assessments regarding the rights of each member of a hypothetical married couple who own property jointly, with variations on the type of ownership (joint vs. sole), mode of acquisition, and selling rights. To fully understand individuals’ understanding of joint ownership, it is useful to have this tool alongside modules that solicit information on individual’s ownership of the asset. This data study includes following files. 1. A survey document (including implementation guidelines)

Resistance and Backlash

The Measures for Advancing Gender Equality (MAGNET) initiative aims to broaden and deepen the measurement of women’s agency, based on the development of new tools and rigorous testing and comparison of both new and existing methods for measuring agency, and promoting the adoption of these measures at scale. By increasing the availability of innovative meaningful measures of agency for a broad range of contexts, we hope our work will lead to an improved understanding of what women’s agency is, how it manifests and how it can best be measured across contexts given the research question at hand. Improving women’s decision-making power is crucial for advancing gender equality. Understanding individuals’ participation in decision-making within their households involves understanding what occurs, or they fear it might occur, when they try to participate in these decisions. For example, they might face some type of economic or physical punishment. These potential negative consequences may be particularly acute for women. This tool, Resistance and Backlash, aims to capture whether respondents face consequences, positive or negative, because of their participation in decisions inside the household, as well as what they think would happen if they participated in those decisions that they are not currently participating in. Understanding such consequences can be used to inform interventions that aim to increase women’s decision-making power within the household, as well as theories of changes within broader initiatives to increase women’s agency. This tool is suited for nationally representative individual- or household-level surveys, and for targeted thematic or impact evaluation surveys designed to understand women’s agency and decision-making. Other variables that you may want to collect alongside this measure include marital status, age, women’s engagement in any income-generating activities, and additional measures on agency or influence in decision-making (e.g., MAGNET’s persuasion or preferences over decision-making tools). This data study includes following files. 1. A survey document (including implementation guidelines)

Unpacking Joint Decision-making

The Measures for Advancing Gender Equality (MAGNET) initiative aims to broaden and deepen the measurement of women’s agency, based on the development of new tools and rigorous testing and comparison of both new and existing methods for measuring agency, and promoting the adoption of these measures at scale. By increasing the availability of innovative meaningful measures of agency for a broad range of contexts, we hope our work will lead to an improved understanding of what women’s agency is, how it manifests and how it can best be measured across contexts given the research question at hand. Improving women’s decision-making power is crucial for advancing gender equality. But evidence shows that wives and husbands have systematically different perceptions of who makes these decisions across contexts and intra-household disagreement is often not random; women “taking power” correlates with other women’s empowerment variables. This could be because the standard decision-making answer options “wife, husband, joint” is too categorical and it does not allow us to capture the strength in decision-making power (thinking it as a continuum), or because men and women have a different understanding of what sole/joint decision-making is. This tool, Unpacking Joint Decision-making, allows us to elicit responses regarding subjective assessments of a hypothetical married couple under different scenarios that involve the wife and the husband making household decisions around large household purchases. This tool is suited for nationally representative individual- or household-level surveys, and for targeted thematic or impact evaluation surveys designed to understand individuals’ agency and decision-making. This data study includes following files. 1. A survey document (including implementation guidelines) 2. Two files, CAPI_Choices and CAPI_Survey, along with the accompanying files, can be used to construct a CAPI program ready for survey implementation. Alternatively, users can use an Excel workbook “CAPI_.xlsx” that includes worksheets for survey and choices, along with others, for constructing a CAPI program ready for survey implementation.

Understanding the Meanings of Ownership

The Measures for Advancing Gender Equality (MAGNET) initiative aims to broaden and deepen the measurement of women’s agency, based on the development of new tools and rigorous testing and comparison of both new and existing methods for measuring agency, and promoting the adoption of these measures at scale. By increasing the availability of innovative meaningful measures of agency for a broad range of contexts, we hope our work will lead to an improved understanding of what women’s agency is, how it manifests and how it can best be measured across contexts given the research question at hand. Expanding women’s asset ownership is key for improving gender equality and promoting economic development and well-being. A widespread challenge in data collection is that ownership can have different meanings across contexts, particularly regarding which components of the bundle of rights comprise ownership. Yet, surveys often implicitly assume that all rights are held by the same person. This tool, Understanding the Meanings of Ownership, allows us to elicit responses regarding subjective assessments of what ownership entails by presenting different scenarios in which the main premise is a woman owning a particular asset, but scenarios differ on the rights that women have over the asset. The multiple questions aim to assess how the answers may vary by type of asset and women’s status in the household (living with a partner, living with in-laws, living with her parents). To fully understand individuals’ understanding of ownership, it is useful to have this tool alongside modules that solicit information on individual’s ownership of the asset. This data study includes following files. 1. A survey document (including implementation guidelines) 2.Two files, CAPI_Choices and CAPI_Survey, along with the accompanying help files, can be used to construct a CAPI program ready for survey implementation. Alternatively, users can use an Excel workbook “CAPI_.xlsx” that includes worksheets for survey and choices, along with others, for constructing a CAPI program ready for survey implementation.

Preferences Over Decision-Making

The Measures for Advancing Gender Equality (MAGNET) initiative aims to broaden and deepen the measurement of women’s agency, based on the development of new tools and rigorous testing and comparison of both new and existing methods for measuring agency, and promoting the adoption of these measures at scale. By increasing the availability of innovative meaningful measures of agency for a broad range of contexts, we hope our work will lead to an improved understanding of what women’s agency is, how it manifests and how it can best be measured across contexts given the research question at hand. Improving women’s decision-making power is crucial for advancing gender equality and is most commonly measured by asking respondents who usually makes decisions over a standard set of domains (e.g., major household purchases, children’s education, health, how earned money is used, etc.). However, interpreting being a decision maker as a proxy of empowerment is only valid if the respondent desires to be involved in the decision. It is not hard to imagine situations in which not being a decision maker reflects an individual acting on their own desires. Understanding preferences and mechanisms behind desired non-involvement provides critical information to inform global initiatives designed to promote women’s decision-making power and agency. This tool, Preferences over Decision-making, aims to capture whether respondents want to be involved in the decisions they are part of and those they are not part of, as well as the reasons for which they might not want to be involved. This tool is suited for nationally representative individual- or household-level surveys, and for targeted thematic or impact evaluation surveys designed to understand women’s agency and decision-making. Other variables you may want to collect alongside this module include marital status and age. This data study includes following files. 1. A survey document (including implementation guidelines)

Goal-setting Capacity Scale

The Measures for Advancing Gender Equality (MAGNET) initiative aims to broaden and deepen the measurement of women’s agency, based on the development of new tools and rigorous testing and comparison of both new and existing methods for measuring agency, and promoting the adoption of these measures at scale. By increasing the availability of innovative meaningful measures of agency for a broad range of contexts, we hope our work will lead to an improved understanding of what women’s agency is, how it manifests and how it can best be measured across contexts given the research question at hand. Improving women’s ability to define goals and act on them is an important and urgent policy goal. Yet our understanding of how to achieve this goal is hampered by the lack of adequate measurement tools and recognized best practices. The 8-item Goal-setting Capacity Scale allows researchers to capture an individual’s goal-setting capacity. Goal-setting capacity is a process that establishes specific, time-based behaviors that are measurable, achievable, and realistic. They can be related to both economic and non-economic activities. In terms of timing, they can be short-term (e.g., saving money for a small household purchase, learning a new skill) or long-term (e.g., saving money for a large household purchase, achieving some level of education). Other variables that you may want to collect alongside goal-setting capacity are education level, employment status, age, and MAGNET’s livelihoods self-efficacy scale. This data study includes following files. 1. A survey document (including implementation guidelines). 2. A statistical annex containing more information about the validation of the tool, as well as statistical guidance for analysis. 3. Two files, CAPI_Choices and CAPI_Survey, along with the accompanying help files, can be used to construct a CAPI program ready for survey implementation. Alternatively, users can use an Excel workbook “CAPI_.xlsx” that includes worksheets for survey and choices, along with help files, for constructing a CAPI program ready for survey implementation.

Enumerator Characteristics and Reporting Bias

The Measures for Advancing Gender Equality (MAGNET) initiative aims to broaden and deepen the measurement of women’s agency, based on the development of new tools and rigorous testing and comparison of both new and existing methods for measuring agency, and promoting the adoption of these measures at scale. By increasing the availability of innovative meaningful measures of agency for a broad range of contexts, we hope our work will lead to an improved understanding of what women’s agency is, how it manifests and how it can best be measured across contexts given the research question at hand. Evidence suggests that men’s and women’s responses may be affected by the interview context. This tool allows identifying which enumerators’ characteristics (e.g., gender, age, beliefs on women’s rights) affect respondents’ reporting and whether there are heterogeneities across genders and contexts. This tool, Enumerator Characteristics and Reporting Bias, should be administered to the enumerators before enumerators’ training takes place and can be used to assess the need to randomize enumerators, design interventions at the enumerator-level, or control for enumerator characteristics while analyzing the survey data.

Myanmar Migration Assessment

Myanmar Migrant Assessment (MMA), is a comprehensive survey aimed at understanding the impacts and processes of migration in Myanmar amidst political instability, armed conflict, economic disruptions, and climatic shocks. Drawing its sample from the Myanmar Household Welfare Survey (MHWS), the MMA targeted households with members who had migrated within the past decade or relocated entirely since January 2021. Conducted via phone interviews between June and July 2023, the MMA surveyed 4,296 households, focusing on various aspects including migration, employment, and remittances. Migrants, as defined by the MMA, are household members who departed for over two months due to employment, marriage, safety concerns, or educational pursuits. Out of the surveyed households, 5,455 migrants were identified, with 3,505 still away from home and 1,487 having returned.

Global Spatially-Disaggregated Crop Production Statistics Data for 2020 Version 1.0

The 2020 SPAM (Spatial Production Allocation Model) products, encompassing crop area, yield, and production at a 5-minute grid resolution, have been developed by Zhe Guo, Shuang Zhou, and Liangzhi You. Employing a diverse range of inputs, IFPRI’s Spatial Production Allocation Model (SPAM) utilizes a cross-entropy method to generate plausible estimations of crop distribution within disaggregated units. By transitioning data from broader units like countries and sub-national provinces to more granular units such as grid cells, SPAM unveils spatial patterns of crop performance, forming a global grid-scape where geography intersects with agricultural production systems. Enhancing spatial comprehension of crop production systems empowers policymakers and donors to effectively target agricultural and rural development policies and investments, thereby enhancing food security and fostering growth while minimizing environmental impacts.

Preferences Over Joint vs. Individual Asset Rights

The Measures for Advancing Gender Equality (MAGNET) initiative aims to broaden and deepen the measurement of women’s agency, based on the development of new tools and rigorous testing and comparison of both new and existing methods for measuring agency, and promoting the adoption of these measures at scale. By increasing the availability of innovative meaningful measures of agency for a broad range of contexts, we hope our work will lead to an improved understanding of what women’s agency is, how it manifests and how it can best be measured across contexts given the research question at hand. Individual-level surveys collecting data on asset ownership have increasingly emphasized eliciting answers regarding whether the ownership or management of the asset is individual or joint. There is often an implicit assumption that individual ownership is better, potentially more empowering, than joint ownership. But the data don’t provide insights on to whether the respondent would prefer to own and/or manage assets jointly or individually. This tool, Preferences over Joint vs. Individual Asset Rights, allows us to elicit responses regarding subjective assessments of the well-being of a hypothetical married individual based on whether they own and/or manage assets individually or jointly. The module may be asked about different types of assets such as agricultural land, livestock, or a dwelling. To fully understand ownership and management preferences, it is useful to have this tool as part of a survey with individual ownership module. This data study includes following files. 1. A survey document (including implementation guidelines). 2.Two files, CAPI_Choices and CAPI_Survey, along with the accompanying help files, can be used to construct a CAPI program ready for survey implementation. Alternatively, users can use an Excel workbook “CAPI_.xlsx” that includes worksheets for survey and choices, along with help files, for constructing a CAPI program ready for survey implementation.

Interim Feed the Future Zone of Influence survey in Tajikistan, 2015

This dataset intends to provide population-based survey data from USAID’s Zone of Influence (ZOI) in Tajikistan to perform a midline assessment of its ongoing activities. The dataset consists of interviews with 2,000 households from 12 districts in Khatlon Province, conducted in February and March 2015 in collaboration with Zerkalo Analytics. For the 2015 interim assessment, the IFPRI team attempted to reconstruct the sample from the 2012 FtF FEEDBACK baseline survey in order to create panel data. The questionnaire used for the interim assessment has largely been adapted from FtF FEEDBACK’s baseline survey. For 2015, IFPRI added three new modules on participation in aid programs, migration and remittances, and agriculture. These modules drew upon the designs of recent surveys undertaken by international organizations in the country, including the Tajikistan Living Standards Survey and Tajikistan Jobs Skills Migration Consumption Survey by the World Bank.

TAFSSA District Agrifood Systems Assessment in Nepal 2023: Male

TAFSSA (Transforming Agrifood Systems in South Asia) is a CGIAR Regional Integrated Initiative that seeks to support actions enhancing equitable access to sustainable healthy diets, improving farmers’ livelihoods and resilience, and conserving land, air, and water resources in South Asia. The TAFSSA district agrifood systems assessment aims to provide a reliable, accessible, and integrated evidence base linking farm production, market access, dietary patterns, climate risk responses, and natural resource management, with gender as a cross-cutting issue in rural areas of Bangladesh, India, and Nepal. It is designed as a district-level multi-year assessment. Data were collected in March-April 2023 in the Surkhet and Banke districts in Nepal. Three respondents were interviewed per household: a female adult (aged 20+ years) primarily responsible for managing the household, a male adult (aged 20+ years) primarily responsible for agricultural activities, and an adolescent (aged 10-19 years). The assessment also included a community questionnaire, which interviewed a key informant in the district villages. The interviews with male household respondents were conducted using pretested, structured questionnaires. Information was collected on food intake in the past 24 hours, household composition, agricultural land and activities, crop production and sales, homestead crops, livestock, fish cultivation, future farming aspirations, climate risk and adaptation, asset ownership, access to amenities, participation in social safety net programs, organization membership, migration, and access to credit.

TAFSSA District Agrifood Systems Assessment in Bangladesh 2023: Male

TAFSSA (Transforming Agrifood Systems in South Asia) is a CGIAR Regional Integrated Initiative aimed at supporting actions that improve equitable access to sustainable healthy diets, enhance farmers’ livelihoods and resilience, and conserve land, air, and water resources in South Asia. The TAFSSA district agrifood systems assessment seeks to provide a reliable, accessible, and integrated evidence base that connects farm production, market access, dietary patterns, climate risk responses, and natural resource management, with gender as a cross-cutting issue in rural areas of Bangladesh, India, and Nepal. It is designed as a district-level multi-year assessment. Data were collected in February-March 2023 in the Rangpur and Rajshahi districts in Bangladesh. Three respondents were interviewed per household: a female adult (aged 20+ years) primarily responsible for managing the household, a male adult (aged 20+ years) primarily responsible for agricultural activities, and an adolescent (aged 10-19 years). The assessment also included a community questionnaire, which interviewed a key informant in the district villages. The interviews with male household respondents were conducted using pretested, structured questionnaires. Information was gathered on food intake in the past 24 hours, household composition, agricultural land and activities, crop production and sales, homestead crops, livestock, fish cultivation, future farming aspirations, climate risk and adaptation, asset ownership, access to amenities, social safety net programs, organization membership, migration, and access to credit.

TAFSSA District Agrifood Systems Assessment in Nepal 2023: Female

TAFSSA (Transforming Agrifood Systems in South Asia) is a CGIAR Regional Integrated Initiative to support actions that improve equitable access to sustainable healthy diets, improve farmers’ livelihoods and resilience, and conserve land, air, and water resources in South Asia. The TAFSSA district agrifood systems assessment aims to provide a reliable, accessible, and integrated evidence base that links farm production, market access, dietary patterns, climate risk responses, and natural resource management with gender as a cross-cutting issue in rural areas of Bangladesh, India, and Nepal. It is designed to be a district-level multi-year assessment. Data were collected in March-April 2023 in the Surkhet and Banke districts in Nepal. Three respondents were interviewed per household: a female adult (aged 20+ years) primarily responsible for managing the household, a male adult (aged 20+ years) primarily responsible for agricultural activities, and an adolescent (aged 10-19 years). The assessment also included a community questionnaire, which interviewed a key informant in the district villages. The interviews with female household respondent were conducted using pretested, structured questionnaires. Information was collected on food intake in the past 24 hours, frequency of consumption of foods, food sources, drivers of food choices, exposure to food advertisements and nutrition related messages, household food security, water access, food shopping practices, food aspirations, food consumption outside of the home, household tasks, perceptions of leisure, and household decision-making.

ACLED Conflict Index G5 Sahel (2018-2023)

This dataset contains the ACLED conflict index, its classification, and related underlying dimensions and rankings of deadliness, danger, diffusion, and fragmentation for the 279 second-level administrative areas of Mauritania, Mali, Burkina Faso, Niger, and Chad between 2018 and 2023. Following a slightly modified version of ACLED’s conflict index methodology, the dataset is generated based on ACLED’s curated dataset for Africa (5 January 2024) and United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs’s (OCHA) geographic dataset for the Sahel (including P-codes).

TAFSSA District Agrifood Systems Assessment in India 2023: Female

TAFSSA (Transforming Agrifood Systems in South Asia) is a CGIAR Regional Integrated Initiative aimed at supporting actions that improve equitable access to sustainable healthy diets, enhance farmers’ livelihoods and resilience, and conserve land, air, and water resources in South Asia. The TAFSSA district agrifood systems assessment aims to provide a reliable, accessible, and integrated evidence base that links farm production, market access, dietary patterns, climate risk responses, and natural resource management with gender as a cross-cutting issue in rural areas of Bangladesh, India, and Nepal. It is designed to be a district-level multi-year assessment. Data were collected in March-April 2023 in the Nalanda district in India. Three respondents were interviewed per household: a female adult (aged 20+ years) primarily responsible for managing the household, a male adult (aged 20+ years) primarily responsible for agricultural activities, and an adolescent (aged 10-19 years). The assessment also included a community questionnaire, which interviewed a key informant in the district villages. The female household respondent interviews were conducted using pretested, structured questionnaires. Information was collected on food intake in the past 24 hours, frequency of consumption of foods, food sources, drivers of food choices, exposure to food advertisements and nutrition-related messages, household food security, water access, food shopping practices, food aspirations, food consumption outside of the home, household tasks, perceptions of leisure, and household decision-making.

TAFSSA District Agrifood Systems Assessment in India 2023: Adolescent

TAFSSA (Transforming Agrifood Systems in South Asia) is a CGIAR Regional Integrated Initiative aimed at supporting actions that improve equitable access to sustainable healthy diets, enhance farmers’ livelihoods and resilience, and conserve land, air, and water resources in South Asia. The TAFSSA district agrifood systems assessment aims to provide a reliable, accessible, and integrated evidence base that links farm production, market access, dietary patterns, climate risk responses, and natural resource management with gender as a cross-cutting issue in rural areas of Bangladesh, India, and Nepal. It is designed to be a district-level multi-year assessment. Data were collected in March-April 2023 in the Nalanda district in India. Three respondents were interviewed per household: a female adult (aged 20+ years) primarily responsible for managing the household, a male adult (aged 20+ years) primarily responsible for agricultural activities, and an adolescent (aged 10-19 years). The assessment also included a community questionnaire, which interviewed a key informant in the district villages. The adolescent household respondent interviews were conducted using pretested, structured questionnaires. Information was collected on food intake in the past 24 hours, school attendance, and aspirations.

TAFSSA District Agrifood Systems Assessment in India 2023: Male

TAFSSA (Transforming Agrifood Systems in South Asia) is a CGIAR Regional Integrated Initiative aimed at supporting actions that improve equitable access to sustainable healthy diets, enhance farmers’ livelihoods and resilience, and conserve land, air, and water resources in South Asia. The TAFSSA district agrifood systems assessment aims to provide a reliable, accessible, and integrated evidence base linking farm production, market access, dietary patterns, climate risk responses, and natural resource management, with gender as a cross-cutting issue in rural areas of Bangladesh, India, and Nepal. It is designed to be a district-level multi-year assessment. Data were collected in March-April 2023 in the Nalanda district in India. Three respondents were interviewed per household: a female adult (aged 20+ years) primarily responsible for managing the household, a male adult (aged 20+ years) primarily responsible for agricultural activities, and an adolescent (aged 10-19 years). The assessment also included a community questionnaire, which interviewed a key informant in the district villages. The male household respondent interviews were conducted using pretested, structured questionnaires. Information was collected on food intake in the past 24 hours, household composition, agricultural land and activities, crop production and sales, homestead crops, livestock, fish cultivation, future farming aspirations, climate risk and adaptation, asset ownership, access to amenities, social safety net programs, organization membership, migration, and access to credit.

TAFSSA District Agrifood Systems Assessment in Nepal 2023: Community

TAFSSA (Transforming Agrifood Systems in South Asia) is a CGIAR Regional Integrated Initiative aimed at supporting actions that enhance equitable access to sustainable, healthy diets, improve farmers’ livelihoods and resilience, and conserve land, air, and water resources in South Asia. The TAFSSA district agrifood systems assessment seeks to provide a reliable, accessible, and integrated evidence base linking farm production, market access, dietary patterns, climate risk responses, and natural resource management, with gender as a cross-cutting issue in rural areas of Bangladesh, India, and Nepal. It is designed as a district-level multi-year assessment. Data were collected in March-April 2023 in the Surkhet and Banke districts in Nepal. Three respondents were interviewed per household: a female adult (aged 20+ years) primarily responsible for managing the household, a male adult (aged 20+ years) primarily responsible for agricultural activities, and an adolescent (aged 10-19 years). The assessment also included a community questionnaire that interviewed a key informant in the district villages. The community questionnaire was conducted using pretested, structured questionnaires. Information was collected on village demographic composition, wage rates, machine rental costs during the agricultural season, infrastructure, and groundwater and land use.

TAFSSA District Agrifood Systems Assessment in Bangladesh 2023: Female

TAFSSA (Transforming Agrifood Systems in South Asia) is a CGIAR Regional Integrated Initiative aimed at supporting actions that improve equitable access to sustainable healthy diets, enhance farmers’ livelihoods and resilience, and conserve land, air, and water resources in South Asia. The TAFSSA district agrifood systems assessment aims to provide a reliable, accessible, and integrated evidence base that links farm production, market access, dietary patterns, climate risk responses, and natural resource management with gender as a cross-cutting issue in rural areas of Bangladesh, India, and Nepal. It is designed to be a district-level multi-year assessment. Data were collected in February-March 2023 in the Rangpur and Rajshahi districts in Bangladesh. Three respondents were interviewed per household: a female adult (aged 20+ years) primarily responsible for managing the household, a male adult (aged 20+ years) primarily responsible for agricultural activities, and an adolescent (aged 10-19 years). The assessment also included a community questionnaire, which interviewed a key informant in the district villages. The female household respondent interviews were conducted using pretested, structured questionnaires. Information was collected on food intake in the past 24 hours, frequency of consumption of foods, food sources, drivers of food choices, exposure to food advertisements and nutrition-related messages, household food security, water access, food shopping practices, food aspirations, food consumption outside of the home, household tasks, perceptions of leisure, and household decision-making.

TAFSSA District Agrifood Systems Assessment in India 2023: Community

TAFSSA (Transforming Agrifood Systems in South Asia) is a CGIAR Regional Integrated Initiative aimed at supporting actions that improve equitable access to sustainable healthy diets, enhance farmers’ livelihoods and resilience, and conserve land, air, and water resources in South Asia. The TAFSSA district agrifood systems assessment aims to provide a reliable, accessible, and integrated evidence base that links farm production, market access, dietary patterns, climate risk responses, and natural resource management with gender as a cross-cutting issue in rural areas of Bangladesh, India, and Nepal. It is designed to be a district-level multi-year assessment. Data were collected in March-April 2023 in the Nalanda district in India. Three respondents were interviewed per household: a female adult (aged 20+ years) primarily responsible for managing the household, a male adult (aged 20+ years) primarily responsible for agricultural activities, and an adolescent (aged 10-19 years). The assessment also included a community questionnaire, which interviewed a key informant in the district villages. The community questionnaire was conducted using pretested, structured questionnaires. Information was collected on village demographic composition, wage rates and machine rental costs during the agricultural season, infrastructure, and groundwater and land use.

TAFSSA District Agrifood Systems Assessment in Bangladesh 2023: Community

TAFSSA (Transforming Agrifood Systems in South Asia) is a CGIAR Regional Integrated Initiative aimed at supporting actions that improve equitable access to sustainable healthy diets, enhance farmers’ livelihoods and resilience, and conserve land, air, and water resources in South Asia. The TAFSSA district agrifood systems assessment aims to provide a reliable, accessible, and integrated evidence base that links farm production, market access, dietary patterns, climate risk responses, and natural resource management with gender as a cross-cutting issue in rural areas of Bangladesh, India, and Nepal. It is designed to be a district-level multi-year assessment. Data were collected in February-March 2023 in the Rangpur and Rajshahi districts in Bangladesh. Three respondents were interviewed per household: a female adult (aged 20+ years) primarily responsible for managing the household, a male adult (aged 20+ years) primarily responsible for agricultural activities, and an adolescent (aged 10-19 years). The assessment also included a community questionnaire, which interviewed a key informant in the district villages. The community questionnaire was conducted using pretested, structured questionnaires. Information was collected on village demographic composition, wage rates, and machine rental costs during the agricultural season, infrastructure, and groundwater and land use.

TAFSSA District Agrifood Systems Assessment in Nepal 2023: Adolescent

TAFSSA (Transforming Agrifood Systems in South Asia) is a CGIAR Regional Integrated Initiative dedicated to supporting actions that enhance equitable access to sustainable, healthy diets, improve farmers’ livelihoods and resilience, and conserve land, air, and water resources in South Asia. The TAFSSA district agrifood systems assessment aims to establish a reliable, accessible, and integrated evidence base linking farm production, market access, dietary patterns, climate risk responses, and natural resource management, with a focus on gender as a cross-cutting issue in rural areas of Bangladesh, India, and Nepal. The assessment is designed as a multi-year initiative at the district level. Data collection took place in March-April 2023 in the Surkhet and Banke districts in Nepal. For each household, three respondents were interviewed: a female adult (aged 20+ years) primarily responsible for managing the household, a male adult (aged 20+ years) primarily responsible for agricultural activities, and an adolescent (aged 10-19 years). Additionally, the assessment involved a community questionnaire, where a key informant from each district village was interviewed. Interviews with adolescent household respondents utilized pretested, structured questionnaires. Information was gathered on food intake in the past 24 hours, school attendance, and aspirations.

TAFSSA District Agrifood Systems Assessment in Bangladesh 2023: Adolescent

TAFSSA (Transforming Agrifood Systems in South Asia) is a CGIAR Regional Integrated Initiative aimed at supporting actions that improve equitable access to sustainable healthy diets, enhance farmers’ livelihoods and resilience, and conserve land, air, and water resources in South Asia. The TAFSSA district agrifood systems assessment aims to provide a reliable, accessible, and integrated evidence base that links farm production, market access, dietary patterns, climate risk responses, and natural resource management with gender as a cross-cutting issue in rural areas of Bangladesh, India, and Nepal. It is designed to be a district-level multi-year assessment. Data were collected in February-March 2023 in the Rangpur and Rajshahi districts in Bangladesh. Three respondents were interviewed per household: a female adult (aged 20+ years) primarily responsible for managing the household, a male adult (aged 20+ years) primarily responsible for agricultural activities, and an adolescent (aged 10-19 years). The assessment also included a community questionnaire, which interviewed a key informant in the district villages. The adolescent household respondent interviews were conducted using pretested, structured questionnaires. Information was collected on food intake in the past 24 hours, school attendance, and aspirations.

Myanmar Household Welfare Survey (MHWS), Round 5

The fifth round of the Myanmar Household Welfare Survey (MHWS)–a nationwide phone panel consisting of 12,953 households–was implemented between March, 2023 and June, 2023. The objective of the survey was to collect data on a wide range of household and individual welfare indicators–including wealth, livelihoods, unemployment, food insecurity, diet quality, health shocks, and coping strategies–in a country exceptionally hard hit by conflict, severe economic collapse, and several damaging waves of COVID-19. The respondents interviewed in the MHWS were purposely selected from a large phone database aimed at being representative at the region/state level and urban/rural level in Myanmar. A novel sampling strategy in combination with the development of household and population weights allows for estimates that are nationally, regionally, and urban/rural representative.

Ethiopia Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Small-Scale Irrigation (ILSSI) Endline Survey, 2017

The Feed the Future Innovation Lab on Small-Scale Irrigation (FTF-ILSSI) is a cooperative agreement funded by USAID under the Feed the Future program to undertake research aimed to increase food production, improve nutrition, accelerate economic development and contribute to the protection of the environment. The project seeks these objectives through identifying, testing and demonstrating technological options in small-scale irrigation and irrigated fodder, supported by a continual dialogue approach with stakeholders and capacity development toward sustained use of research approaches and evidence. Collaborators on this project include Texas A&M University, the International Water Management Institute (IWMI), the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), North Carolina A&T State University (NCAT) and Texas A&M AgriLife Research (TAMUS). As part of this project, IFPRI is undertaking a study of irrigating and non-irrigating households in Ethiopia, Tanzania and Ghana to investigate the connections between irrigation, gender, nutrition and health. The survey explores these linkages through an in-depth household questionnaire with questions on agricultural production, nutrition and health, a WEAI module and a community questionnaire.

Tanzania Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Small-Scale Irrigation (ILSSI) Endline Survey, 2017

The Feed the Future Innovation Lab on Small-Scale Irrigation (FTF-ILSSI) is a cooperative agreement funded by USAID under the Feed the Future program to undertake research aimed to increase food production, improve nutrition, accelerate economic development and contribute to the protection of the environment. The project seeks these objectives through identifying, testing and demonstrating technological options in small-scale irrigation and irrigated fodder, supported by a continual dialogue approach with stakeholders and capacity development toward sustained use of research approaches and evidence. Collaborators on this project include Texas A&M University, the International Water Management Institute (IWMI), the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), North Carolina A&T State University (NCAT) and Texas A&M AgriLife Research (TAMUS). As part of this project, IFPRI is undertaking a study of irrigating and non-irrigating households in Ethiopia, Tanzania and Ghana to investigate the connections between irrigation, gender, nutrition and health. The survey explores these linkages through an in-depth household questionnaire with questions on agricultural production, nutrition and health, a WEAI module and a community questionnaire. This work forms part of the CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE).

Smallholder Agriculture Commercialization in Rwanda, 2022

This dataset pertains to a survey on smallholder commercialization conducted in Rwanda during October and November of 2022. The primary objective of this study is to enhance data and analysis regarding the returns associated with commercial smallholder production systems and policies aimed at supporting smallholder commercialization. The data were collected from a nationally and provincially representative households’ sample of 2,020 rural smallholder agricultural households selected from five provinces. The survey focused on various key data points, including household demographics, farm and nonfarm assets, farm characteristics (such as land use, crop production, inputs usage, participation in agricultural programs, livestock, etc.), household expenditures and incomes, labor utilization, and other relevant factors throughout the agricultural year of 2022.

2021 Social Accounting Matrix for Nigeria

The 2021 Nigeria Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) follows IFPRI’s Standard Nexus SAM approach, by focusing on consistency, comparability, and transparency of data. The Nexus SAMs available on IFPRI’s website separates domestic production into 42 activities. Factors are disaggregated into labor, agricultural land, and capital, with labor further disaggregated across three education-based categories. The household account is divided into 10 representative household groups: Rural and urban households across per capita consumption quintiles. Nexus SAMs support the improvement of model-based research and policy analysis in developing countries and allow for more robust cross-country comparisons of national economic structures, especially agriculture-food systems.

Ghana Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Small-Scale Irrigation (ILSSI) Endline Survey, 2017

The Feed the Future Innovation Lab on Small-Scale Irrigation (FTF-ILSSI) is a cooperative agreement funded by USAID under the Feed the Future program to undertake research aimed to increase food production, improve nutrition, accelerate economic development and contribute to the protection of the environment. The project seeks these objectives through identifying, testing and demonstrating technological options in small-scale irrigation and irrigated fodder, supported by a continual dialogue approach with stakeholders and capacity development toward sustained use of research approaches and evidence. Collaborators on this project include Texas A&M University, the International Water Management Institute (IWMI), the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), North Carolina A&T State University (NCAT) and Texas A&M AgriLife Research (TAMUS). As part of this project, IFPRI is undertaking a study of irrigating and non-irrigating households in Ethiopia, Tanzania and Ghana to investigate the connections between irrigation, gender, nutrition and health. The survey explores these linkages through an in-depth household questionnaire with questions on agricultural production, nutrition and health, a WEAI module and a community questionnaire. This work forms part of the CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land and Ecosystems (WLE).

Women’s Empowerment Metric for National Statistical Systems (WEMNS)

The Women’s Empowerment Metric for National Statistical Systems (WEMNS) is a streamlined tool for measuring empowerment. It is intended for use in large-scale, multitopic surveys in both rural and urban areas and is relevant across a wide range of livelihood strategies. WEMNS was developed by the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), Emory University, Oxford University, and the World Bank’s Living Standards Measurement Study Unit in collaboration with country partners in Bangladesh, Guatemala, Malawi, and Nepal . This work was funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and the United States Agency for International Development. WEMNS has 12 indicators mapped to one of four domains: Intrinsic agency, instrumental agency, collective agency, and agency-enabling resources. WEMNS is calculated using a counting-based methodology: Respondents are first identified to be either adequate or inadequate in each indicator with respect to a specified threshold, and then they are identified as empowered or disempowered based on the number of indicators in which they achieve adequacy. The exact number of indicators required to be considered “empowered” will be determined once WEMNS has been piloted at scale. Aggregation of indicators in WEMNS is simple: Each of the four domains are equally weighted, and within those domains, each indicator is equally weighted. However, because women’s experience of empowerment—and their critical consciousness related to four of the indicators—is very different from men’s, only eight of the 12 indicators are used to calculate men’s empowerment. An advantage of WEMNS is its decomposability, allowing researchers and policymakers to see to what extent each indicator contributes to disempowerment.

Ghana Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Small-Scale Irrigation (ILSSI) Baseline Survey, 2015

The Feed the Future Innovation Lab on Small-Scale Irrigation (FTF-ILSSI) is a cooperative agreement funded by USAID under the Feed the Future program to undertake research aimed at increasing food production, improving nutrition, accelerating economic development, and contributing to the protection of the environment. The project pursues these objectives by identifying, testing, and demonstrating technological options in small-scale irrigation and irrigated fodder, supported by a continual dialogue approach with stakeholders and capacity development toward sustained use of research approaches and evidence. Collaborators on this project include Texas A&M University, the International Water Management Institute (IWMI), the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), North Carolina A&T State University (NCAT), and Texas A&M AgriLife Research (TAMUS). As part of this project, IFPRI is undertaking a study of irrigating and non-irrigating households in Ethiopia, Tanzania, and Ghana to investigate the connections between irrigation, gender, nutrition, and health. The survey explores these linkages through an in-depth household questionnaire with questions on agricultural production, nutrition and health, a WEAI module, and a community questionnaire. This work is part of the CGIAR Research Program on Water, Land, and Ecosystems (WLE).

Dataset on the impact of biofortified cassava in Nigeria: assessment of livelihood outcomes in Nigeria

Strengthen PSNP Institutions and Resilience Phase II (SPIR II), Ethiopia: Group Problem Management Plus (g-PM+) Pilot Screening Survey

The study’s objective is to estimate the impact of group Problem Management Plus (GPM+), with and without a lump-sum cash transfer, on mental health, daily activities, and economic outcomes among Productive Safety Net Program (PSNP) clients in the regions of Amhara and Oromia. The population for this study consists of individuals residing in Amhara and Oromia who are registered and assisted by the PSNP public works program. Moreover, to be eligible, individuals must show signs and symptoms of depression or dysfunction, be between 18 and 59 years old, and be the main decision-maker or spouse of the main decision-maker. The impact of GPM+ will be assessed through a two-stage cluster randomized control trial (cRCT) design. The data included here comprise the results of a mental health screening, from which we identified respondents who were eligible for our study, and a baseline survey that includes measured characteristics of eligible respondents. These characteristics include household-level indicators such as food security and household consumption, and respondent-level indicators such as mental health outcomes. Per household, up to two people aged 18-59 years are screened (the primary decision-maker and spouse). The screening survey assesses depression and functionality using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and the WHO Disability Assessment Schedule 2·0 (WHODAS). Data are organized by modules. In the screening data, Module A is at the household level, and Module B is at the respondent level.

Strengthen PSNP Institutions and Resilience Phase II (SPIR II), Ethiopia: Group Problem Management Plus (g-PM+) Pilot Baseline Survey

IFPRI, in collaboration with World Vision (WV) and implementation partners, evaluated the impact of a psychotherapy intervention, group Problem Management Plus (gPM+), with and without a one-time lump sum cash transfer. The study is an interventional study using a cluster randomized control trial (cRCT) design that occurred in 70 kebeles across the regions of Oromia and Amhara. The evaluation includes a screening survey to assess eligible men and women; a baseline survey conducted before implementing the gPM+ or cash transfer intervention (June-July 2022); an endline survey conducted on the same individuals right after the interventions (September 2022-October 2022); and a one-year post-intervention survey conducted approximately one year after the endline (September-October 2023). This dataset pertains to the baseline survey and contains baseline demographic information on the sample in the gPM+ study. The first part comprises household-level modules such as household roster, housing, assets, consumption, food security, investments, and occurrence of shocking events. The second part is composed of individual-level modules administered to the individuals screened for the study. These modules include instruments for measuring stress, anxiety, coping, self-efficacy, time and risk preference, savings, intimate partner violence, time use, and childcare.

Strengthen PSNP Institutions and Resilience Phase II (SPIR II), Ethiopia: Group Problem Management Plus (g-PM+) Pilot Screening Survey

The study’s objective is to estimate the impact of group Problem Management Plus (GPM+), with and without a lump-sum cash transfer, on mental health, daily activities, and economic outcomes among Productive Safety Net Program (PSNP) clients in the regions of Amhara and Oromia. The population for this study consists of individuals residing in Amhara and Oromia who are registered and assisted by the PSNP public works program. Moreover, to be eligible, individuals must show signs and symptoms of depression or dysfunction, be between 18 and 59 years old, and be the main decision-maker or spouse of the main decision-maker. The impact of GPM+ will be assessed through a two-stage cluster randomized control trial (cRCT) design. The data included here comprise the results of a mental health screening, from which we identified respondents who were eligible for our study, and a baseline survey that includes measured characteristics of eligible respondents. These characteristics include household-level indicators such as food security and household consumption, and respondent-level indicators such as mental health outcomes. Per household, up to two people aged 18-59 years are screened (the primary decision-maker and spouse). The screening survey assesses depression and functionality using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and the WHO Disability Assessment Schedule 2·0 (WHODAS). Data are organized by modules. In the screening data, Module A is at the household level, and Module B is at the respondent level.

Myanmar Agricultural Performance Survey (MAPS), Round 3

The Myanmar Agricultural Performance Survey (MAPS) is a nationwide phone panel consisting of approximately 5,500 households. The objective of the survey is to collect data on farm characteristics and agricultural assets, area and crops planted, access to inputs, crop marketing, and constraints in agricultural activities. The respondents interviewed are a sub-sample of the Myanmar Household Welfare Survey. A novel sampling strategy in combination with the development of household and population weights allows for estimates that are nationally, regionally, and urban/rural representative. MAPS Round 3 survey was implemented by phone by Myanmar Survey Research (MSR) over the period January 23rd until February 22nd, 2023. Almost 5,000 farmers (4,961) that were interviewed in the fourth round of the MHWS could be reached for a second follow-up interview.

Replication Data for “Estimating the Intrahousehold Costs and Benefits of Innovations to Enhance Smallholder Farmers’ Resilience”

Replication data used to demonstrate the application of a new framework for cost-benefit analysis of climate information services (CIS) and other agricultural innovations aiming to improve smallholder farmers’ resilience. The framework uses expected utility to quantify welfare benefits associated with non-monetary outcomes that are important from a development perspective, such as improved income smoothing, empowerment, and changes in time use. The data therefore collects variables such as risk preferences, income expectations, time use, and empowerment. The data were collected in November 2022 in the context of a CIS program in 6 regions in Ghana (Bono East, Central, Greater Accra, Northern, Upper East, and Upper West). Using computer-assisted personal interviews (CAPI), we surveyed male and female respondents from 661 households. We used multi-stage purposive sampling to select 11 districts, from which in total 38 villages were randomly selected. In each village, a sampling frame was developed with the help of community leaders, from which households were randomly selected for inclusion in the study.

Strengthen PSNP4 Institutions and Resilience (SPIR), Ethiopia: Baseline Survey

The Strengthen PSNP4 Institutions and Resilience (SPIR) Development Food Security Activity (DFSA) in Ethiopia was a five-year project (2016-2021) supporting the implementation of the fourth phase of the Productive Safety Net Programme (PSNP4) as well as providing complementary livelihood, nutrition, gender, and climate resilience activities to strengthen the program and expand its impacts. IFPRI conducted an experimental, quantitative impact evaluation of SPIR designed to measure the causal impact of multisectoral “graduation model” packages of interventions for improving outcomes in several domains, including livelihoods, food security, child nutrition, women’s empowerment, mental health, and intimate partner violence (IPV). The impact evaluation used a clustered RCT design to learn about the effect of different combinations of the SPIR interventions on the well-being of PSNP4 households. These packages were combined into multisectoral graduation model programs and randomized at the kebele level into four treatment arms. The evaluation sample comprised of 192 kebeles and 15 woredas in the Amhara and Oromia regions. The baseline survey was conducted from March to May 2018, and 3,314 households were interviewed. The survey instrument had three parts – household survey, female survey, and male survey, and was broadly similar across rounds, while some modules changed.

A&T Burkina Faso Maternal Nutrition Endline Survey 2021: Agent de santé Communautaire (ASBC)

Alive & Thrive (A&T) is an initiative that supports the scaling up of nutrition interventions to save lives, prevent illnesses, and contribute to healthy growth and development through improved maternal nutrition and infant and young child feeding practices. In Burkina Faso, A&T developed and tested an intensive package of maternal nutrition interventions to be integrated into existing ANC services delivered through government health facilities. These included intensified counseling and support on dietary diversity and quality during pregnancy, iron-folic acid (IFA) supplements consumption, importance of ANC and increasing the number of visits, adequate weight-gain monitoring, and early initiation of and exclusive breastfeeding. This dataset is part of a survey that was conducted to gather endline data for the impact evaluation of the interventions. The overall study objective was to evaluate the feasibility of integrating locally relevant maternal nutrition interventions into ANC services provided by the government health system and their impact on diet quality and quantity and utilization of nutrition interventions during pregnancy. Research questions include: 1) What are the program impacts on maternal nutrition practices: (1) consumption of diversified foods and adequate intake of micronutrient, protein and energy compared to recommended intakes; (2) consumption of IFA supplements during pregnancy; and (3) early breastfeeding practices? 2) Can the coverage and utilization of key nutrition interventions (maternal nutrition counseling, weight gain monitoring, distribution of and counseling on IFA supplementation, and breastfeeding counseling) and number of ANC contacts be improved through health system strengthening and nutrition-focused social and behavior change communication (SBCC; interpersonal communication and community mobilization) approaches? 3) What factors influenced integration and strengthening of maternal nutrition interventions into the government ANC service delivery platform? The evaluation used a two-arm cluster-randomized, non-masked trial design, consisting of two cross-sectional surveys at baseline and endline. The unit of randomization was the health and social promotion center (CSPS, Centre de Santé et de Promotion Social in French) catchment area. The endline survey was conducted in January-March 2021 by Agence de Formation de Recherche et d’Expertise en Santé pour l’Afrique (AFRICSanté), the in-country research collaborator for the survey. The endline survey included the following: 1) Pregnant women questionnaire, 2) Recently delivered women questionnaire, 3) Husbands of recently delivered women questionnaire, 4) Nurse-midwife questionnaire, 5) Community health agents (agent de santé communautaire, ASBCs) questionnaire, 6) Health facility observation checklist, and 7) ANC observation and exit interview. The ASBC interviews were conducted using pretested, structured questionnaires. Information was collected on ASBC’s responsibilities, capacity, knowledge, motivation, and ANC service provision in the community.